Experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya

Abstract Alpine ecosystems in the Himalaya, despite low primary productivity, store considerable amount of organic carbon. However, these ecosystems are highly vulnerable to climate warming which may stimulate ecosystem carbon efflux leading to carbon-loss and positive feedback. We used open-top cha...

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Autores principales:	Pankaj Tiwari, Pamela Bhattacharya, Gopal Singh Rawat, Ishwari Datt Rai, Gautam Talukdar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/517c377f476e4a23bbc29c2cb9ad399f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:517c377f476e4a23bbc29c2cb9ad399f2021-12-02T13:23:58ZExperimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya10.1038/s41598-021-82065-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/517c377f476e4a23bbc29c2cb9ad399f2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82065-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Alpine ecosystems in the Himalaya, despite low primary productivity, store considerable amount of organic carbon. However, these ecosystems are highly vulnerable to climate warming which may stimulate ecosystem carbon efflux leading to carbon-loss and positive feedback. We used open-top chambers to understand warming responses of ecosystem respiration (ER) and soil respiration (SR) in two types of alpine meadows viz., herbaceous meadow (HM) and sedge meadow (SM), in the Western Himalaya. Experimental warming increased ER by 33% and 28% at HM and SM, respectively. No significant effect on SR was observed under warming, suggesting that the increase in ER was primarily due to an increase in above-ground respiration. This was supported by the warming-induced increase in above-ground biomass and decrease in SR/ER ratio. Soil temperature was the dominant controlling factor of respiration rates and temperature sensitivity of both ER and SR increased under warming, indicating an increase in contribution from plant respiration. The findings of the study suggest that climate warming by 1.5–2 °C would promote ER via increase in above-ground respiration during the growing season. Moreover, net C uptake in the alpine meadows may increase due to enhanced plant growth and relatively resistant SR under warming.Pankaj TiwariPamela BhattacharyaGopal Singh RawatIshwari Datt RaiGautam TalukdarNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Pankaj Tiwari Pamela Bhattacharya Gopal Singh Rawat Ishwari Datt Rai Gautam Talukdar Experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya
description	Abstract Alpine ecosystems in the Himalaya, despite low primary productivity, store considerable amount of organic carbon. However, these ecosystems are highly vulnerable to climate warming which may stimulate ecosystem carbon efflux leading to carbon-loss and positive feedback. We used open-top chambers to understand warming responses of ecosystem respiration (ER) and soil respiration (SR) in two types of alpine meadows viz., herbaceous meadow (HM) and sedge meadow (SM), in the Western Himalaya. Experimental warming increased ER by 33% and 28% at HM and SM, respectively. No significant effect on SR was observed under warming, suggesting that the increase in ER was primarily due to an increase in above-ground respiration. This was supported by the warming-induced increase in above-ground biomass and decrease in SR/ER ratio. Soil temperature was the dominant controlling factor of respiration rates and temperature sensitivity of both ER and SR increased under warming, indicating an increase in contribution from plant respiration. The findings of the study suggest that climate warming by 1.5–2 °C would promote ER via increase in above-ground respiration during the growing season. Moreover, net C uptake in the alpine meadows may increase due to enhanced plant growth and relatively resistant SR under warming.
format	article
author	Pankaj Tiwari Pamela Bhattacharya Gopal Singh Rawat Ishwari Datt Rai Gautam Talukdar
author_facet	Pankaj Tiwari Pamela Bhattacharya Gopal Singh Rawat Ishwari Datt Rai Gautam Talukdar
author_sort	Pankaj Tiwari
title	Experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya
title_short	Experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya
title_full	Experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya
title_fullStr	Experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya
title_full_unstemmed	Experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya
title_sort	experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of western himalaya
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/517c377f476e4a23bbc29c2cb9ad399f
work_keys_str_mv	AT pankajtiwari experimentalwarmingincreasesecosystemrespirationbyincreasingabovegroundrespirationinalpinemeadowsofwesternhimalaya AT pamelabhattacharya experimentalwarmingincreasesecosystemrespirationbyincreasingabovegroundrespirationinalpinemeadowsofwesternhimalaya AT gopalsinghrawat experimentalwarmingincreasesecosystemrespirationbyincreasingabovegroundrespirationinalpinemeadowsofwesternhimalaya AT ishwaridattrai experimentalwarmingincreasesecosystemrespirationbyincreasingabovegroundrespirationinalpinemeadowsofwesternhimalaya AT gautamtalukdar experimentalwarmingincreasesecosystemrespirationbyincreasingabovegroundrespirationinalpinemeadowsofwesternhimalaya
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Experimental warming increases ecosystem respiration by increasing above-ground respiration in alpine meadows of Western Himalaya

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