Self-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire

Objective: To examine the underlying factor structure and psychometric properties of the Assessment of Self-management in Anxiety and Depression (ASAD) questionnaire, which was specifically designed for patients with (chronic) anxiety and depressive disorders. Moreover, this study assesses whether t...

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Autores principales: Esther Krijnen-de Bruin, Stasja Draisma, Anna D. T. Muntingh, Aagje Evers, Annemieke van Straten, Henny Sinnema, Jan Spijker, Neeltje M. Batelaan, Berno van Meijel
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Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/51be07e7074b4e95a11b7883d9850ecc
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:51be07e7074b4e95a11b7883d9850ecc2021-11-15T04:33:53ZSelf-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire1664-107810.3389/fpsyg.2021.694583https://doaj.org/article/51be07e7074b4e95a11b7883d9850ecc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.694583/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-1078Objective: To examine the underlying factor structure and psychometric properties of the Assessment of Self-management in Anxiety and Depression (ASAD) questionnaire, which was specifically designed for patients with (chronic) anxiety and depressive disorders. Moreover, this study assesses whether the number of items in the ASAD can be reduced without significantly reducing its precision.Methods: The ASAD questionnaire was completed by 171 participants across two samples: one sample comprised patients with residual anxiety or depressive symptoms, while the other consisted of patients who have been formally diagnosed with a chronic anxiety or depressive disorder. All participants had previously undergone treatment. Both exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were also assessed.Results: Both EFA and CFA indicated three solid factors: Seeking support, Daily life strategies and Taking ownership [Comparative Fit Index = 0.80, Tucker Lewis Index = 0.78, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.09 (CI 0.08–1.00), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.09 (χ2 = 439.35, df = 168)]. The ASAD was thus reduced from 45 items to 21 items, which resulted in the ASAD-Short Form (SF). All sub-scales had a high level of internal consistency (> α = 0.75) and test–retest reliability (ICC > 0.75).Discussion: The first statistical evaluation of the ASAD indicated a high level of internal consistency and test–retest reliability, and identified three distinctive factors. This could aid patients and professionals’ assessment of types of self-management used by the patient. Given that this study indicated that the 21-item ASAD-SF is appropriate, this version should be further explored and validated among a sample of patients with (chronic or partially remitted) anxiety and depressive disorders. Alongside this, to increase generalizability, more studies are required to examine the English version of the ASAD within other settings and countries.Esther Krijnen-de BruinEsther Krijnen-de BruinEsther Krijnen-de BruinStasja DraismaStasja DraismaAnna D. T. MuntinghAnna D. T. MuntinghAagje EversAnnemieke van StratenHenny SinnemaJan SpijkerNeeltje M. BatelaanNeeltje M. BatelaanBerno van MeijelBerno van MeijelBerno van MeijelFrontiers Media S.A.articleself-managementanxietydepressionquestionnairepsychometric propertiesexploratory factor analysisPsychologyBF1-990ENFrontiers in Psychology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic self-management
anxiety
depression
questionnaire
psychometric properties
exploratory factor analysis
Psychology
BF1-990
spellingShingle self-management
anxiety
depression
questionnaire
psychometric properties
exploratory factor analysis
Psychology
BF1-990
Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Stasja Draisma
Stasja Draisma
Anna D. T. Muntingh
Anna D. T. Muntingh
Aagje Evers
Annemieke van Straten
Henny Sinnema
Jan Spijker
Neeltje M. Batelaan
Neeltje M. Batelaan
Berno van Meijel
Berno van Meijel
Berno van Meijel
Self-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire
description Objective: To examine the underlying factor structure and psychometric properties of the Assessment of Self-management in Anxiety and Depression (ASAD) questionnaire, which was specifically designed for patients with (chronic) anxiety and depressive disorders. Moreover, this study assesses whether the number of items in the ASAD can be reduced without significantly reducing its precision.Methods: The ASAD questionnaire was completed by 171 participants across two samples: one sample comprised patients with residual anxiety or depressive symptoms, while the other consisted of patients who have been formally diagnosed with a chronic anxiety or depressive disorder. All participants had previously undergone treatment. Both exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were also assessed.Results: Both EFA and CFA indicated three solid factors: Seeking support, Daily life strategies and Taking ownership [Comparative Fit Index = 0.80, Tucker Lewis Index = 0.78, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.09 (CI 0.08–1.00), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.09 (χ2 = 439.35, df = 168)]. The ASAD was thus reduced from 45 items to 21 items, which resulted in the ASAD-Short Form (SF). All sub-scales had a high level of internal consistency (> α = 0.75) and test–retest reliability (ICC > 0.75).Discussion: The first statistical evaluation of the ASAD indicated a high level of internal consistency and test–retest reliability, and identified three distinctive factors. This could aid patients and professionals’ assessment of types of self-management used by the patient. Given that this study indicated that the 21-item ASAD-SF is appropriate, this version should be further explored and validated among a sample of patients with (chronic or partially remitted) anxiety and depressive disorders. Alongside this, to increase generalizability, more studies are required to examine the English version of the ASAD within other settings and countries.
format article
author Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Stasja Draisma
Stasja Draisma
Anna D. T. Muntingh
Anna D. T. Muntingh
Aagje Evers
Annemieke van Straten
Henny Sinnema
Jan Spijker
Neeltje M. Batelaan
Neeltje M. Batelaan
Berno van Meijel
Berno van Meijel
Berno van Meijel
author_facet Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
Stasja Draisma
Stasja Draisma
Anna D. T. Muntingh
Anna D. T. Muntingh
Aagje Evers
Annemieke van Straten
Henny Sinnema
Jan Spijker
Neeltje M. Batelaan
Neeltje M. Batelaan
Berno van Meijel
Berno van Meijel
Berno van Meijel
author_sort Esther Krijnen-de Bruin
title Self-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire
title_short Self-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire
title_full Self-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire
title_fullStr Self-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire
title_full_unstemmed Self-Management in Anxiety and Depression: A Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire
title_sort self-management in anxiety and depression: a psychometric evaluation of a questionnaire
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/51be07e7074b4e95a11b7883d9850ecc
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