Three Waves of Populism in Latin America

Contemporary political regimes in Venezuela and Bolivia led by late Hugo Châvez (now by his successor Nicolas Maduro) and Evo Morales are considered by foreign and Russian scholars as part of the third wave of populism. In the 20th century Latin America already witnessed two waves of populism which...

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Autor principal:	O. V. Varentsova
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN RU
Publicado:	MGIMO University Press 2014
Materias:	populism neoliberalism import substitution industrialization crisis of representative democracy party system crisis latin america venezuela bolivia International relations JZ2-6530
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/51c6e8e3caec40fea4183d3911fbb6b4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:51c6e8e3caec40fea4183d3911fbb6b42021-11-23T14:50:58ZThree Waves of Populism in Latin America2071-81602541-909910.24833/2071-8160-2014-6-39-153-160https://doaj.org/article/51c6e8e3caec40fea4183d3911fbb6b42014-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/255https://doaj.org/toc/2071-8160https://doaj.org/toc/2541-9099Contemporary political regimes in Venezuela and Bolivia led by late Hugo Châvez (now by his successor Nicolas Maduro) and Evo Morales are considered by foreign and Russian scholars as part of the third wave of populism. In the 20th century Latin America already witnessed two waves of populism which coincided with significant political transitions, namely a transition from oligarchy to mass politics accompanied by implementation of import substitution industrialization policies, and a transition from authoritarian rule to democracy during the third wave of democratization which triggered neoliberal reforms inspired by Washington Consensus. This article presents common characteristics of Latin American populist regimes that emerged in different historical periods which help identify the origins as well as distinctive features of Venezuelan and Bolivian political regimes. It is stated that the Châvez and Morales left populist regimes resemble classic populist regimes in that they rely on incendiary anti-establishment discourse. Therefore, left populist regimes are characterized by high levels of polarization as well as weak institutionalization and class or indigenous orientation. Election of left populist leaders may lead to institutional deadlock, uneven playing field and transition to competitive authoritarianism.O. V. VarentsovaMGIMO University Pressarticlepopulismneoliberalismimport substitution industrializationcrisis of representative democracyparty system crisislatin americavenezuelaboliviaInternational relationsJZ2-6530ENRUVestnik MGIMO-Universiteta, Vol 0, Iss 6(39), Pp 153-160 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN RU
topic	populism neoliberalism import substitution industrialization crisis of representative democracy party system crisis latin america venezuela bolivia International relations JZ2-6530
spellingShingle	populism neoliberalism import substitution industrialization crisis of representative democracy party system crisis latin america venezuela bolivia International relations JZ2-6530 O. V. Varentsova Three Waves of Populism in Latin America
description	Contemporary political regimes in Venezuela and Bolivia led by late Hugo Châvez (now by his successor Nicolas Maduro) and Evo Morales are considered by foreign and Russian scholars as part of the third wave of populism. In the 20th century Latin America already witnessed two waves of populism which coincided with significant political transitions, namely a transition from oligarchy to mass politics accompanied by implementation of import substitution industrialization policies, and a transition from authoritarian rule to democracy during the third wave of democratization which triggered neoliberal reforms inspired by Washington Consensus. This article presents common characteristics of Latin American populist regimes that emerged in different historical periods which help identify the origins as well as distinctive features of Venezuelan and Bolivian political regimes. It is stated that the Châvez and Morales left populist regimes resemble classic populist regimes in that they rely on incendiary anti-establishment discourse. Therefore, left populist regimes are characterized by high levels of polarization as well as weak institutionalization and class or indigenous orientation. Election of left populist leaders may lead to institutional deadlock, uneven playing field and transition to competitive authoritarianism.
format	article
author	O. V. Varentsova
author_facet	O. V. Varentsova
author_sort	O. V. Varentsova
title	Three Waves of Populism in Latin America
title_short	Three Waves of Populism in Latin America
title_full	Three Waves of Populism in Latin America
title_fullStr	Three Waves of Populism in Latin America
title_full_unstemmed	Three Waves of Populism in Latin America
title_sort	three waves of populism in latin america
publisher	MGIMO University Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/51c6e8e3caec40fea4183d3911fbb6b4
work_keys_str_mv	AT ovvarentsova threewavesofpopulisminlatinamerica
_version_	1718416330553556992

Three Waves of Populism in Latin America

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