Dynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System

Phospholipids are major components in the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. These molecules are comprised of two acyl or alkyl groups and different phospho-base groups linked to the glycerol backbone. Over the years, substantial interest has focused on metabolism of phospholipids by phospholipases an...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Grace Y. Sun, Xue Geng, Tao Teng, Bo Yang, Michael K. Appenteng, C. Michael Greenlief, James C. Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	phospholipases A2 central nervous system lysophospholipids oxidized fatty acids oxylipins stroke Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/51cf01c741124c88abdcb91622d69ce4
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:51cf01c741124c88abdcb91622d69ce4
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:51cf01c741124c88abdcb91622d69ce42021-11-25T17:09:51ZDynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System10.3390/cells101129632073-4409https://doaj.org/article/51cf01c741124c88abdcb91622d69ce42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2963https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409Phospholipids are major components in the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. These molecules are comprised of two acyl or alkyl groups and different phospho-base groups linked to the glycerol backbone. Over the years, substantial interest has focused on metabolism of phospholipids by phospholipases and the role of their metabolic products in mediating cell functions. The high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the central nervous system (CNS) have led to studies centered on phospholipases A2 (PLA2s), enzymes responsible for cleaving the acyl groups at the <i>sn</i>-2 position of the phospholipids and resulting in production of PUFA and lysophospholipids. Among the many subtypes of PLA2s, studies have centered on three major types of PLA2s, namely, the calcium-dependent cytosolic cPLA2, the calcium-independent iPLA2 and the secretory sPLA2. These PLA2s are different in their molecular structures, cellular localization and, thus, production of lipid mediators with diverse functions. In the past, studies on specific role of PLA2 on cells in the CNS are limited, partly because of the complex cellular make-up of the nervous tissue. However, understanding of the molecular actions of these PLA2s have improved with recent advances in techniques for separation and isolation of specific cell types in the brain tissue as well as development of sensitive molecular tools for analyses of proteins and lipids. A major goal here is to summarize recent studies on the characteristics and dynamic roles of the three major types of PLA2s and their oxidative products towards brain health and neurological disorders.Grace Y. SunXue GengTao TengBo YangMichael K. AppentengC. Michael GreenliefJames C. LeeMDPI AGarticlephospholipases A2central nervous systemlysophospholipidsoxidized fatty acidsoxylipinsstrokeBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENCells, Vol 10, Iss 2963, p 2963 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	phospholipases A2 central nervous system lysophospholipids oxidized fatty acids oxylipins stroke Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	phospholipases A2 central nervous system lysophospholipids oxidized fatty acids oxylipins stroke Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Grace Y. Sun Xue Geng Tao Teng Bo Yang Michael K. Appenteng C. Michael Greenlief James C. Lee Dynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System
description	Phospholipids are major components in the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. These molecules are comprised of two acyl or alkyl groups and different phospho-base groups linked to the glycerol backbone. Over the years, substantial interest has focused on metabolism of phospholipids by phospholipases and the role of their metabolic products in mediating cell functions. The high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the central nervous system (CNS) have led to studies centered on phospholipases A2 (PLA2s), enzymes responsible for cleaving the acyl groups at the <i>sn</i>-2 position of the phospholipids and resulting in production of PUFA and lysophospholipids. Among the many subtypes of PLA2s, studies have centered on three major types of PLA2s, namely, the calcium-dependent cytosolic cPLA2, the calcium-independent iPLA2 and the secretory sPLA2. These PLA2s are different in their molecular structures, cellular localization and, thus, production of lipid mediators with diverse functions. In the past, studies on specific role of PLA2 on cells in the CNS are limited, partly because of the complex cellular make-up of the nervous tissue. However, understanding of the molecular actions of these PLA2s have improved with recent advances in techniques for separation and isolation of specific cell types in the brain tissue as well as development of sensitive molecular tools for analyses of proteins and lipids. A major goal here is to summarize recent studies on the characteristics and dynamic roles of the three major types of PLA2s and their oxidative products towards brain health and neurological disorders.
format	article
author	Grace Y. Sun Xue Geng Tao Teng Bo Yang Michael K. Appenteng C. Michael Greenlief James C. Lee
author_facet	Grace Y. Sun Xue Geng Tao Teng Bo Yang Michael K. Appenteng C. Michael Greenlief James C. Lee
author_sort	Grace Y. Sun
title	Dynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System
title_short	Dynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System
title_full	Dynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System
title_fullStr	Dynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System
title_full_unstemmed	Dynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System
title_sort	dynamic role of phospholipases a2 in health and diseases in the central nervous system
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/51cf01c741124c88abdcb91622d69ce4
work_keys_str_mv	AT graceysun dynamicroleofphospholipasesa2inhealthanddiseasesinthecentralnervoussystem AT xuegeng dynamicroleofphospholipasesa2inhealthanddiseasesinthecentralnervoussystem AT taoteng dynamicroleofphospholipasesa2inhealthanddiseasesinthecentralnervoussystem AT boyang dynamicroleofphospholipasesa2inhealthanddiseasesinthecentralnervoussystem AT michaelkappenteng dynamicroleofphospholipasesa2inhealthanddiseasesinthecentralnervoussystem AT cmichaelgreenlief dynamicroleofphospholipasesa2inhealthanddiseasesinthecentralnervoussystem AT jamesclee dynamicroleofphospholipasesa2inhealthanddiseasesinthecentralnervoussystem
_version_	1718412648136048640

Dynamic Role of Phospholipases A2 in Health and Diseases in the Central Nervous System

Ejemplares similares