Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study

Abstract The operant conditioning has been less studied than the classical conditioning as a mechanism of placebo-like effect, and two distinct learning mechanisms have never been compared to each other in terms of their neural activities. Twenty-one participants completed cue-learning based pain ra...

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Autores principales:	In-Seon Lee, Won-Mo Jung, Ye-Seul Lee, Christian Wallraven, Younbyoung Chae
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/51d172462afa449eb1063b523b6e4632
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:51d172462afa449eb1063b523b6e46322021-12-02T13:48:53ZOperant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study10.1038/s41598-021-81134-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/51d172462afa449eb1063b523b6e46322021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81134-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The operant conditioning has been less studied than the classical conditioning as a mechanism of placebo-like effect, and two distinct learning mechanisms have never been compared to each other in terms of their neural activities. Twenty-one participants completed cue-learning based pain rating tasks while their brain responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. After choosing (instrumental) or viewing (classical) one of three predictive cues (low- and high-pain cues with different level of certainty), they received painful stimuli according to the selected cues. Participants completed the same task during the test session, except that they received only a high pain stimulus regardless of the selected cues to identify the effects of two learning paradigms. While receiving a high pain stimulation, low-pain cue significantly reduced pain ratings compared to high-pain cue, and the overall ratings were significantly lower under operant than under classical conditioning. Operant behavior activated the temporoparietal junction significantly more than the passive behavior did, and neural activity in the primary somatosensory cortex was significantly reduced during pain in instrumental as compared with classical conditioning trials. The results suggest that pain modulation can be induced by classical and operant conditioning, and mechanisms of attention and context change are involved in instrumental learning.In-Seon LeeWon-Mo JungYe-Seul LeeChristian WallravenYounbyoung ChaeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q In-Seon Lee Won-Mo Jung Ye-Seul Lee Christian Wallraven Younbyoung Chae Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
description	Abstract The operant conditioning has been less studied than the classical conditioning as a mechanism of placebo-like effect, and two distinct learning mechanisms have never been compared to each other in terms of their neural activities. Twenty-one participants completed cue-learning based pain rating tasks while their brain responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. After choosing (instrumental) or viewing (classical) one of three predictive cues (low- and high-pain cues with different level of certainty), they received painful stimuli according to the selected cues. Participants completed the same task during the test session, except that they received only a high pain stimulus regardless of the selected cues to identify the effects of two learning paradigms. While receiving a high pain stimulation, low-pain cue significantly reduced pain ratings compared to high-pain cue, and the overall ratings were significantly lower under operant than under classical conditioning. Operant behavior activated the temporoparietal junction significantly more than the passive behavior did, and neural activity in the primary somatosensory cortex was significantly reduced during pain in instrumental as compared with classical conditioning trials. The results suggest that pain modulation can be induced by classical and operant conditioning, and mechanisms of attention and context change are involved in instrumental learning.
format	article
author	In-Seon Lee Won-Mo Jung Ye-Seul Lee Christian Wallraven Younbyoung Chae
author_facet	In-Seon Lee Won-Mo Jung Ye-Seul Lee Christian Wallraven Younbyoung Chae
author_sort	In-Seon Lee
title	Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_short	Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_full	Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_fullStr	Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_full_unstemmed	Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study
title_sort	operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fmri study
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/51d172462afa449eb1063b523b6e4632
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Operant and classical learning principles underlying mind–body interaction in pain modulation: a pilot fMRI study

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