Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania

People living with HIV, even under therapy, have a high burden of age-related co-morbidities including an increased risk of dyslipidemia (which often predisposes to cardiovascular diseases) and immune-aging. In this study, lipid profiles and antibody responses to measles and pertussis toxin vaccines...

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Autores principales:	Wilbert Mbuya, Issakwisa Mwakyula, Willyelimina Olomi, Peter Agrea, Francesco Nicoli, Cecilia Ngatunga, Leodegard Mujwahuzi, Paul Mwanyika, Mkunde Chachage
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	HIV children dyslipidemia cardiovascular disease immune senescence childhood vaccines Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/51d62f4915c94322a6fe6ed4ab3f9b2a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:51d62f4915c94322a6fe6ed4ab3f9b2a2021-11-09T05:53:31ZAltered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania2235-298810.3389/fcimb.2021.721747https://doaj.org/article/51d62f4915c94322a6fe6ed4ab3f9b2a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.721747/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988People living with HIV, even under therapy, have a high burden of age-related co-morbidities including an increased risk of dyslipidemia (which often predisposes to cardiovascular diseases) and immune-aging. In this study, lipid profiles and antibody responses to measles and pertussis toxin vaccines were compared between ART experienced HIV+ children (n=64) aged 5-10 years, and their age- and sex-matched HIV- controls (n=47). Prevalence of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglyceride-driven dyslipidemia was higher among treated HIV+ children than in controls (51.6% vs 27.7% respectively, p < 0.019). In a multivariate Poisson regression model adjusted for age, sex and BMI, the association between low HDL-c, hypertriglyceridemia and HIV remained significantly high (for HDL-c: ARR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82 – 0.96, p = 0.003; for triglycerides: ARR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.31 – 1.81, p < 0.001). Among HIV+ children, the use of lopinavir/ritonavir, a protease-based antiretroviral therapy was also associated elevation of triglyceride levels (p = 0.032). Also, HIV+ children had a 2.8-fold reduction of anti-measles IgG titers and 17.1-fold reduction of anti-pertussis toxin IgG levels when compared to HIV- children. Our findings suggest that dyslipidemia and inadequate vaccine-induced antibody responses observed in this population of young African HIV+ children might increase their risk for premature onset of cardiovascular illnesses and acquisition of preventable diseases.Wilbert MbuyaIssakwisa MwakyulaWillyelimina OlomiPeter AgreaFrancesco NicoliCecilia NgatungaLeodegard MujwahuziPaul MwanyikaMkunde ChachageMkunde ChachageFrontiers Media S.A.articleHIVchildrendyslipidemiacardiovascular diseaseimmune senescencechildhood vaccinesMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	HIV children dyslipidemia cardiovascular disease immune senescence childhood vaccines Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	HIV children dyslipidemia cardiovascular disease immune senescence childhood vaccines Microbiology QR1-502 Wilbert Mbuya Issakwisa Mwakyula Willyelimina Olomi Peter Agrea Francesco Nicoli Cecilia Ngatunga Leodegard Mujwahuzi Paul Mwanyika Mkunde Chachage Mkunde Chachage Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania
description	People living with HIV, even under therapy, have a high burden of age-related co-morbidities including an increased risk of dyslipidemia (which often predisposes to cardiovascular diseases) and immune-aging. In this study, lipid profiles and antibody responses to measles and pertussis toxin vaccines were compared between ART experienced HIV+ children (n=64) aged 5-10 years, and their age- and sex-matched HIV- controls (n=47). Prevalence of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglyceride-driven dyslipidemia was higher among treated HIV+ children than in controls (51.6% vs 27.7% respectively, p < 0.019). In a multivariate Poisson regression model adjusted for age, sex and BMI, the association between low HDL-c, hypertriglyceridemia and HIV remained significantly high (for HDL-c: ARR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82 – 0.96, p = 0.003; for triglycerides: ARR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.31 – 1.81, p < 0.001). Among HIV+ children, the use of lopinavir/ritonavir, a protease-based antiretroviral therapy was also associated elevation of triglyceride levels (p = 0.032). Also, HIV+ children had a 2.8-fold reduction of anti-measles IgG titers and 17.1-fold reduction of anti-pertussis toxin IgG levels when compared to HIV- children. Our findings suggest that dyslipidemia and inadequate vaccine-induced antibody responses observed in this population of young African HIV+ children might increase their risk for premature onset of cardiovascular illnesses and acquisition of preventable diseases.
format	article
author	Wilbert Mbuya Issakwisa Mwakyula Willyelimina Olomi Peter Agrea Francesco Nicoli Cecilia Ngatunga Leodegard Mujwahuzi Paul Mwanyika Mkunde Chachage Mkunde Chachage
author_facet	Wilbert Mbuya Issakwisa Mwakyula Willyelimina Olomi Peter Agrea Francesco Nicoli Cecilia Ngatunga Leodegard Mujwahuzi Paul Mwanyika Mkunde Chachage Mkunde Chachage
author_sort	Wilbert Mbuya
title	Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania
title_short	Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania
title_full	Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania
title_fullStr	Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed	Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania
title_sort	altered lipid profiles and vaccine induced-humoral responses in children living with hiv on antiretroviral therapy in tanzania
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/51d62f4915c94322a6fe6ed4ab3f9b2a
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Altered Lipid Profiles and Vaccine Induced-Humoral Responses in Children Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Tanzania

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