Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other non-tuberculous mycobacteria are responsible for a variety of different infections affecting millions of patients worldwide. Their diagnosis is often problematic and delayed until late in the course of disease, requiring a high index of suspicion and the combined...

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Autores principales:	Christopher G. Shield, Benjamin M. C. Swift, Timothy D. McHugh, Rebekah M. Dedrick, Graham F. Hatfull, Giovanni Satta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	mycobacteriophage phage mycobacterium tuberculosis TB BCG Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/522c8593a8a2441e8002dade7f2f93e1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:522c8593a8a2441e8002dade7f2f93e12021-11-25T18:25:27ZApplication of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment10.3390/microorganisms91123662076-2607https://doaj.org/article/522c8593a8a2441e8002dade7f2f93e12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/11/2366https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2607Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other non-tuberculous mycobacteria are responsible for a variety of different infections affecting millions of patients worldwide. Their diagnosis is often problematic and delayed until late in the course of disease, requiring a high index of suspicion and the combined efforts of clinical and laboratory colleagues. Molecular methods, such as PCR platforms, are available, but expensive, and with limited sensitivity in the case of paucibacillary disease. Treatment of mycobacterial infections is also challenging, typically requiring months of multiple and combined antibiotics, with associated side effects and toxicities. The presence of innate and acquired drug resistance further complicates the picture, with dramatic cases without effective treatment options. Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) have been used for decades in Eastern Europe for the treatment of common bacterial infections, but there is limited clinical experience of their use in mycobacterial infections. More recently, bacteriophages’ clinical utility has been re-visited and their use has been successfully demonstrated both as diagnostic and treatment options. This review will focus specifically on how mycobacteriophages have been used recently in the diagnosis and treatment of different mycobacterial infections, as potential emerging technologies, and as an alternative treatment option.Christopher G. ShieldBenjamin M. C. SwiftTimothy D. McHughRebekah M. DedrickGraham F. HatfullGiovanni SattaMDPI AGarticlemycobacteriophagephagemycobacteriumtuberculosisTBBCGBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENMicroorganisms, Vol 9, Iss 2366, p 2366 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mycobacteriophage phage mycobacterium tuberculosis TB BCG Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	mycobacteriophage phage mycobacterium tuberculosis TB BCG Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Christopher G. Shield Benjamin M. C. Swift Timothy D. McHugh Rebekah M. Dedrick Graham F. Hatfull Giovanni Satta Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment
description	Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other non-tuberculous mycobacteria are responsible for a variety of different infections affecting millions of patients worldwide. Their diagnosis is often problematic and delayed until late in the course of disease, requiring a high index of suspicion and the combined efforts of clinical and laboratory colleagues. Molecular methods, such as PCR platforms, are available, but expensive, and with limited sensitivity in the case of paucibacillary disease. Treatment of mycobacterial infections is also challenging, typically requiring months of multiple and combined antibiotics, with associated side effects and toxicities. The presence of innate and acquired drug resistance further complicates the picture, with dramatic cases without effective treatment options. Bacteriophages (viruses that infect bacteria) have been used for decades in Eastern Europe for the treatment of common bacterial infections, but there is limited clinical experience of their use in mycobacterial infections. More recently, bacteriophages’ clinical utility has been re-visited and their use has been successfully demonstrated both as diagnostic and treatment options. This review will focus specifically on how mycobacteriophages have been used recently in the diagnosis and treatment of different mycobacterial infections, as potential emerging technologies, and as an alternative treatment option.
format	article
author	Christopher G. Shield Benjamin M. C. Swift Timothy D. McHugh Rebekah M. Dedrick Graham F. Hatfull Giovanni Satta
author_facet	Christopher G. Shield Benjamin M. C. Swift Timothy D. McHugh Rebekah M. Dedrick Graham F. Hatfull Giovanni Satta
author_sort	Christopher G. Shield
title	Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment
title_short	Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment
title_full	Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment
title_fullStr	Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment
title_full_unstemmed	Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment
title_sort	application of bacteriophages for mycobacterial infections, from diagnosis to treatment
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/522c8593a8a2441e8002dade7f2f93e1
work_keys_str_mv	AT christophergshield applicationofbacteriophagesformycobacterialinfectionsfromdiagnosistotreatment AT benjaminmcswift applicationofbacteriophagesformycobacterialinfectionsfromdiagnosistotreatment AT timothydmchugh applicationofbacteriophagesformycobacterialinfectionsfromdiagnosistotreatment AT rebekahmdedrick applicationofbacteriophagesformycobacterialinfectionsfromdiagnosistotreatment AT grahamfhatfull applicationofbacteriophagesformycobacterialinfectionsfromdiagnosistotreatment AT giovannisatta applicationofbacteriophagesformycobacterialinfectionsfromdiagnosistotreatment
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Application of Bacteriophages for Mycobacterial Infections, from Diagnosis to Treatment

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