The GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

Abstract Background Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is commonly considered as one of the most important limiting factors in the agricultural production. As a result, a large amount of N fertilizer is used to improve the yield in modern tea production. Unfortunately, the large amount of N fertilizer input ha...

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Autores principales:	Zheng-He Lin, Chang-Song Chen, Qiu-Sheng Zhong, Qi-Chun Ruan, Zhi-Hui Chen, Xiao-Mei You, Rui-Yang Shan, Xin-Lei Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Nitrogen deficiency Camellia sinensis Metabolomics Tea quality Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5255f10d3bb24bf390d16cb931c91530
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5255f10d3bb24bf390d16cb931c915302021-11-07T12:09:36ZThe GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)10.1186/s12870-021-03285-y1471-2229https://doaj.org/article/5255f10d3bb24bf390d16cb931c915302021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-021-03285-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/1471-2229Abstract Background Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is commonly considered as one of the most important limiting factors in the agricultural production. As a result, a large amount of N fertilizer is used to improve the yield in modern tea production. Unfortunately, the large amount of N fertilizer input has led to increased plant nitrogen-tolerance and decreased amplitude of yield improvement, which results in significant N loss, energy waste and environment pollution. However, the effects of N-deficiency on the metabolic profiles of tea leaves and roots are not well understood. Results In this study, seedlings of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze Chunlv 2 were treated with 3 mM NH4NO3 (Control) or without NH4NO3 (N-deficiency) for 4 months by sandy culture. The results suggested that N-deficiency induced tea leaf chlorosis, impaired biomass accumulation, decreased the leaf chlorophyll content and N absorption when they were compared to the Control samples. The untargeted metabolomics based on GC-TOF/MS approach revealed a discrimination of the metabolic profiles between N-deficient tea leaves and roots. The identification and classification of the altered metabolites indicated that N deficiency upregulated the relative abundances of most phenylpropanoids and organic acids, while downregulated the relative abundances of most amino acids in tea leaves. Differentially, N-deficiency induced the accumulation of most carbohydrates, organic acids and amino acids in tea roots. The potential biomarkers screened in N-deficient leaves compared to Control implied that N deficiency might reduce the tea quality. Unlike the N-deficient leaves, the potential biomarkers in N-deficient roots indicated an improved stress response might occur in tea roots. Conclusions The results demonstrated N deficiency had different effects on the primary and secondary metabolism in tea leaves and roots. The findings of this study will facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the N-deficient tea plants and provide a valuable reference for the optimized N nutrient management and the sustainable development in the tea plantations.Zheng-He LinChang-Song ChenQiu-Sheng ZhongQi-Chun RuanZhi-Hui ChenXiao-Mei YouRui-Yang ShanXin-Lei LiBMCarticleNitrogen deficiencyCamellia sinensisMetabolomicsTea qualityBotanyQK1-989ENBMC Plant Biology, Vol 21, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Nitrogen deficiency Camellia sinensis Metabolomics Tea quality Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	Nitrogen deficiency Camellia sinensis Metabolomics Tea quality Botany QK1-989 Zheng-He Lin Chang-Song Chen Qiu-Sheng Zhong Qi-Chun Ruan Zhi-Hui Chen Xiao-Mei You Rui-Yang Shan Xin-Lei Li The GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)
description	Abstract Background Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is commonly considered as one of the most important limiting factors in the agricultural production. As a result, a large amount of N fertilizer is used to improve the yield in modern tea production. Unfortunately, the large amount of N fertilizer input has led to increased plant nitrogen-tolerance and decreased amplitude of yield improvement, which results in significant N loss, energy waste and environment pollution. However, the effects of N-deficiency on the metabolic profiles of tea leaves and roots are not well understood. Results In this study, seedlings of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze Chunlv 2 were treated with 3 mM NH4NO3 (Control) or without NH4NO3 (N-deficiency) for 4 months by sandy culture. The results suggested that N-deficiency induced tea leaf chlorosis, impaired biomass accumulation, decreased the leaf chlorophyll content and N absorption when they were compared to the Control samples. The untargeted metabolomics based on GC-TOF/MS approach revealed a discrimination of the metabolic profiles between N-deficient tea leaves and roots. The identification and classification of the altered metabolites indicated that N deficiency upregulated the relative abundances of most phenylpropanoids and organic acids, while downregulated the relative abundances of most amino acids in tea leaves. Differentially, N-deficiency induced the accumulation of most carbohydrates, organic acids and amino acids in tea roots. The potential biomarkers screened in N-deficient leaves compared to Control implied that N deficiency might reduce the tea quality. Unlike the N-deficient leaves, the potential biomarkers in N-deficient roots indicated an improved stress response might occur in tea roots. Conclusions The results demonstrated N deficiency had different effects on the primary and secondary metabolism in tea leaves and roots. The findings of this study will facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the N-deficient tea plants and provide a valuable reference for the optimized N nutrient management and the sustainable development in the tea plantations.
format	article
author	Zheng-He Lin Chang-Song Chen Qiu-Sheng Zhong Qi-Chun Ruan Zhi-Hui Chen Xiao-Mei You Rui-Yang Shan Xin-Lei Li
author_facet	Zheng-He Lin Chang-Song Chen Qiu-Sheng Zhong Qi-Chun Ruan Zhi-Hui Chen Xiao-Mei You Rui-Yang Shan Xin-Lei Li
author_sort	Zheng-He Lin
title	The GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)
title_short	The GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)
title_full	The GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)
title_fullStr	The GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)
title_full_unstemmed	The GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)
title_sort	gc-tof/ms-based metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (camellia sinensis)
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5255f10d3bb24bf390d16cb931c91530
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The GC-TOF/MS-based Metabolomic analysis reveals altered metabolic profiles in nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots of tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

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