A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia

Abstract Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is endemic in Malaysia, with the number of cases increasing. Sabah has experienced several HFMD outbreaks, but information on the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of responsible viruses is scarce. In this study, data of 17,574 reports of HFMD c...

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Autores principales:	Siat Yee Fong, Daisuke Mori, Christina Rundi, Jun Fai Yap, Muhammad Jikal, A. L. Liza Binti Abd Latip, Victor Johnny, Kamruddin Ahmed
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/529c068670f3429986deab7ad60e20c4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:529c068670f3429986deab7ad60e20c42021-12-02T14:58:48ZA five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia10.1038/s41598-021-96083-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/529c068670f3429986deab7ad60e20c42021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96083-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is endemic in Malaysia, with the number of cases increasing. Sabah has experienced several HFMD outbreaks, but information on the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of responsible viruses is scarce. In this study, data of 17,574 reports of HFMD cases in Sabah from 2015 to 2019 were extracted from a public health disease surveillance system and analyzed. Twenty-one swab samples from 13 children were collected from Beaufort, Sabah, during an outbreak in August 2018 for detection and serotyping of causative viruses by semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (snRT-PCR) of the VP4–VP2 region and consensus degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primer PCR of the VP1 region, respectively. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted by the neighbor-joining method. The average annual incidence of HFMD was 94.3 per 100,000 people, with the greatest yearly increase between 2017 and 2018. Swabs from six children were tested positive for enterovirus, of which five were positive for CVA16 and one for EV71. All CVA16 strains belonged to sub-genotype B1a, and the EV71 strain belonged to sub-genotype B5. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that enterovirus genotype shift might be responsible for the increasing trend of HFMD in Sabah, however, further study is needed.Siat Yee FongDaisuke MoriChristina RundiJun Fai YapMuhammad JikalA. L. Liza Binti Abd LatipVictor JohnnyKamruddin AhmedNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Siat Yee Fong Daisuke Mori Christina Rundi Jun Fai Yap Muhammad Jikal A. L. Liza Binti Abd Latip Victor Johnny Kamruddin Ahmed A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia
description	Abstract Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is endemic in Malaysia, with the number of cases increasing. Sabah has experienced several HFMD outbreaks, but information on the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of responsible viruses is scarce. In this study, data of 17,574 reports of HFMD cases in Sabah from 2015 to 2019 were extracted from a public health disease surveillance system and analyzed. Twenty-one swab samples from 13 children were collected from Beaufort, Sabah, during an outbreak in August 2018 for detection and serotyping of causative viruses by semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (snRT-PCR) of the VP4–VP2 region and consensus degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primer PCR of the VP1 region, respectively. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were conducted by the neighbor-joining method. The average annual incidence of HFMD was 94.3 per 100,000 people, with the greatest yearly increase between 2017 and 2018. Swabs from six children were tested positive for enterovirus, of which five were positive for CVA16 and one for EV71. All CVA16 strains belonged to sub-genotype B1a, and the EV71 strain belonged to sub-genotype B5. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that enterovirus genotype shift might be responsible for the increasing trend of HFMD in Sabah, however, further study is needed.
format	article
author	Siat Yee Fong Daisuke Mori Christina Rundi Jun Fai Yap Muhammad Jikal A. L. Liza Binti Abd Latip Victor Johnny Kamruddin Ahmed
author_facet	Siat Yee Fong Daisuke Mori Christina Rundi Jun Fai Yap Muhammad Jikal A. L. Liza Binti Abd Latip Victor Johnny Kamruddin Ahmed
author_sort	Siat Yee Fong
title	A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia
title_short	A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia
title_full	A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia
title_fullStr	A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia
title_sort	five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in sabah, malaysia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/529c068670f3429986deab7ad60e20c4
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A five-year retrospective study on the epidemiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Sabah, Malaysia

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