AII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision

Abstract The AII amacrine cell is known as a key interneuron in the scotopic (night-vision) pathway in the retina. Under scotopic conditions, rod signals are transmitted via rod bipolar cells to AII amacrine cells, which split the rod signal into the OFF (via glycinergic synapses) and the ON pathway...

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Autores principales:	Enrica Strettoi, Rania A. Masri, Ulrike Grünert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Amacrine Cells Primate Fovea Cone Bipolar Cells Calretinin-positive Cells Crossover Suppression Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/52b6cebbc00f46eeac9a353dd894ee65
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:52b6cebbc00f46eeac9a353dd894ee652021-12-02T15:09:03ZAII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision10.1038/s41598-018-34621-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/52b6cebbc00f46eeac9a353dd894ee652018-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34621-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The AII amacrine cell is known as a key interneuron in the scotopic (night-vision) pathway in the retina. Under scotopic conditions, rod signals are transmitted via rod bipolar cells to AII amacrine cells, which split the rod signal into the OFF (via glycinergic synapses) and the ON pathway (via gap junctions). But the AII amacrine cell also has a “day job”: at high light levels when cones are active, AII connections with ON cone bipolar cells provide crossover inhibition to extend the response range of OFF cone bipolar cells. The question whether AII cells contribute to crossover inhibition in primate fovea (where rods and rod bipolar cells are rare or absent) has not been answered. Here, immunohistochemistry and three-dimensional reconstruction show that calretinin positive cells in the fovea of macaque monkeys and humans have AII morphology and connect to cone bipolar cells. The pattern of AII connections to cone bipolar cells is quantitatively similar to that of AII cells outside the fovea. Our results support the view that in mammalian retina AII cells first evolved to serve cone circuits, then later were co-opted to process scotopic signals subsequent to the evolution of rod bipolar cells.Enrica StrettoiRania A. MasriUlrike GrünertNature PortfolioarticleAmacrine CellsPrimate FoveaCone Bipolar CellsCalretinin-positive CellsCrossover SuppressionMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Amacrine Cells Primate Fovea Cone Bipolar Cells Calretinin-positive Cells Crossover Suppression Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Amacrine Cells Primate Fovea Cone Bipolar Cells Calretinin-positive Cells Crossover Suppression Medicine R Science Q Enrica Strettoi Rania A. Masri Ulrike Grünert AII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision
description	Abstract The AII amacrine cell is known as a key interneuron in the scotopic (night-vision) pathway in the retina. Under scotopic conditions, rod signals are transmitted via rod bipolar cells to AII amacrine cells, which split the rod signal into the OFF (via glycinergic synapses) and the ON pathway (via gap junctions). But the AII amacrine cell also has a “day job”: at high light levels when cones are active, AII connections with ON cone bipolar cells provide crossover inhibition to extend the response range of OFF cone bipolar cells. The question whether AII cells contribute to crossover inhibition in primate fovea (where rods and rod bipolar cells are rare or absent) has not been answered. Here, immunohistochemistry and three-dimensional reconstruction show that calretinin positive cells in the fovea of macaque monkeys and humans have AII morphology and connect to cone bipolar cells. The pattern of AII connections to cone bipolar cells is quantitatively similar to that of AII cells outside the fovea. Our results support the view that in mammalian retina AII cells first evolved to serve cone circuits, then later were co-opted to process scotopic signals subsequent to the evolution of rod bipolar cells.
format	article
author	Enrica Strettoi Rania A. Masri Ulrike Grünert
author_facet	Enrica Strettoi Rania A. Masri Ulrike Grünert
author_sort	Enrica Strettoi
title	AII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision
title_short	AII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision
title_full	AII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision
title_fullStr	AII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision
title_full_unstemmed	AII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision
title_sort	aii amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/52b6cebbc00f46eeac9a353dd894ee65
work_keys_str_mv	AT enricastrettoi aiiamacrinecellsintheprimatefoveacontributetophotopicvision AT raniaamasri aiiamacrinecellsintheprimatefoveacontributetophotopicvision AT ulrikegrunert aiiamacrinecellsintheprimatefoveacontributetophotopicvision
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AII amacrine cells in the primate fovea contribute to photopic vision

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