Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.

Selection on complex traits can rapidly drive evolution, especially in stressful environments. This polygenic selection does not leave intense sweep signatures on the genome, rather many loci experience small allele frequency shifts, resulting in large cumulative phenotypic changes. Directional sele...

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Autores principales:	Troy N Rowan, Harly J Durbin, Christopher M Seabury, Robert D Schnabel, Jared E Decker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/52b741b58b28422691c4f257b676af3e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:52b741b58b28422691c4f257b676af3e2021-12-02T20:02:55ZPowerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.1553-73901553-740410.1371/journal.pgen.1009652https://doaj.org/article/52b741b58b28422691c4f257b676af3e2021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009652https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7390https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7404Selection on complex traits can rapidly drive evolution, especially in stressful environments. This polygenic selection does not leave intense sweep signatures on the genome, rather many loci experience small allele frequency shifts, resulting in large cumulative phenotypic changes. Directional selection and local adaptation are changing populations; but, identifying loci underlying polygenic or environmental selection has been difficult. We use genomic data on tens of thousands of cattle from three populations, distributed over time and landscapes, in linear mixed models with novel dependent variables to map signatures of selection on complex traits and local adaptation. We identify 207 genomic loci associated with an animal's birth date, representing ongoing selection for monogenic and polygenic traits. Additionally, hundreds of additional loci are associated with continuous and discrete environments, providing evidence for historical local adaptation. These candidate loci highlight the nervous system's possible role in local adaptation. While advanced technologies have increased the rate of directional selection in cattle, it has likely been at the expense of historically generated local adaptation, which is especially problematic in changing climates. When applied to large, diverse cattle datasets, these selection mapping methods provide an insight into how selection on complex traits continually shapes the genome. Further, understanding the genomic loci implicated in adaptation may help us breed more adapted and efficient cattle, and begin to understand the basis for mammalian adaptation, especially in changing climates. These selection mapping approaches help clarify selective forces and loci in evolutionary, model, and agricultural contexts.Troy N RowanHarly J DurbinChristopher M SeaburyRobert D SchnabelJared E DeckerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleGeneticsQH426-470ENPLoS Genetics, Vol 17, Iss 7, p e1009652 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	Genetics QH426-470 Troy N Rowan Harly J Durbin Christopher M Seabury Robert D Schnabel Jared E Decker Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.
description	Selection on complex traits can rapidly drive evolution, especially in stressful environments. This polygenic selection does not leave intense sweep signatures on the genome, rather many loci experience small allele frequency shifts, resulting in large cumulative phenotypic changes. Directional selection and local adaptation are changing populations; but, identifying loci underlying polygenic or environmental selection has been difficult. We use genomic data on tens of thousands of cattle from three populations, distributed over time and landscapes, in linear mixed models with novel dependent variables to map signatures of selection on complex traits and local adaptation. We identify 207 genomic loci associated with an animal's birth date, representing ongoing selection for monogenic and polygenic traits. Additionally, hundreds of additional loci are associated with continuous and discrete environments, providing evidence for historical local adaptation. These candidate loci highlight the nervous system's possible role in local adaptation. While advanced technologies have increased the rate of directional selection in cattle, it has likely been at the expense of historically generated local adaptation, which is especially problematic in changing climates. When applied to large, diverse cattle datasets, these selection mapping methods provide an insight into how selection on complex traits continually shapes the genome. Further, understanding the genomic loci implicated in adaptation may help us breed more adapted and efficient cattle, and begin to understand the basis for mammalian adaptation, especially in changing climates. These selection mapping approaches help clarify selective forces and loci in evolutionary, model, and agricultural contexts.
format	article
author	Troy N Rowan Harly J Durbin Christopher M Seabury Robert D Schnabel Jared E Decker
author_facet	Troy N Rowan Harly J Durbin Christopher M Seabury Robert D Schnabel Jared E Decker
author_sort	Troy N Rowan
title	Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.
title_short	Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.
title_full	Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.
title_fullStr	Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.
title_full_unstemmed	Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.
title_sort	powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in us beef cattle.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/52b741b58b28422691c4f257b676af3e
work_keys_str_mv	AT troynrowan powerfuldetectionofpolygenicselectionandevidenceofenvironmentaladaptationinusbeefcattle AT harlyjdurbin powerfuldetectionofpolygenicselectionandevidenceofenvironmentaladaptationinusbeefcattle AT christophermseabury powerfuldetectionofpolygenicselectionandevidenceofenvironmentaladaptationinusbeefcattle AT robertdschnabel powerfuldetectionofpolygenicselectionandevidenceofenvironmentaladaptationinusbeefcattle AT jarededecker powerfuldetectionofpolygenicselectionandevidenceofenvironmentaladaptationinusbeefcattle
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Powerful detection of polygenic selection and evidence of environmental adaptation in US beef cattle.

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