Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Virtual reality (VR) can present advantages in the treatment of chronic low back pain. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effectiveness of VR in chronic low back pain. This review was designed according to PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020222129)....

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Autores principales:	Beatriz Brea-Gómez, Irene Torres-Sánchez, Araceli Ortiz-Rubio, Andrés Calvache-Mateo, Irene Cabrera-Martos, Laura López-López, Marie Carmen Valenza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chronic low back pain virtual reality videogames horse simulator riding rehabilitation physical therapy Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/52d1fbeea27c4e46bb57d559e3b0b681
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:52d1fbeea27c4e46bb57d559e3b0b6812021-11-25T17:48:34ZVirtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials10.3390/ijerph1822118061660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/52d1fbeea27c4e46bb57d559e3b0b6812021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/11806https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Virtual reality (VR) can present advantages in the treatment of chronic low back pain. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effectiveness of VR in chronic low back pain. This review was designed according to PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020222129). Four databases (PubMed, Cinahl, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched up to August 2021. Inclusion criteria were defined following PICOS recommendations. Methodological quality was assessed with the Downs and Black scale and the risk of bias with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review and eleven in the meta-analysis. Significant differences were found in favor of VR compared to no VR in pain intensity postintervention (11 trials; <i>n</i> = 569; SMD = −1.92; 95% CI = −2.73, −1.11; <i>p</i> < 0.00001) and followup (4 trials; <i>n</i> = 240; SDM = −6.34; 95% CI = −9.12, −3.56; <i>p</i> < 0.00001); and kinesiophobia postintervention (3 trials; <i>n</i> = 192; MD = −8.96; 95% CI = −17.52, −0.40; <i>p</i> = 0.04) and followup (2 trials; <i>n</i> = 149; MD = −12.04; 95% CI = −20.58, −3.49; <i>p</i> = 0.006). No significant differences were found in disability. In conclusion, VR can significantly reduce pain intensity and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic low back pain after the intervention and at followup. However, high heterogeneity exists and can influence the consistency of the results.Beatriz Brea-GómezIrene Torres-SánchezAraceli Ortiz-RubioAndrés Calvache-MateoIrene Cabrera-MartosLaura López-LópezMarie Carmen ValenzaMDPI AGarticlechronic low back painvirtual realityvideogameshorse simulator ridingrehabilitationphysical therapyMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11806, p 11806 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chronic low back pain virtual reality videogames horse simulator riding rehabilitation physical therapy Medicine R
spellingShingle	chronic low back pain virtual reality videogames horse simulator riding rehabilitation physical therapy Medicine R Beatriz Brea-Gómez Irene Torres-Sánchez Araceli Ortiz-Rubio Andrés Calvache-Mateo Irene Cabrera-Martos Laura López-López Marie Carmen Valenza Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
description	Virtual reality (VR) can present advantages in the treatment of chronic low back pain. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the effectiveness of VR in chronic low back pain. This review was designed according to PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020222129). Four databases (PubMed, Cinahl, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched up to August 2021. Inclusion criteria were defined following PICOS recommendations. Methodological quality was assessed with the Downs and Black scale and the risk of bias with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review and eleven in the meta-analysis. Significant differences were found in favor of VR compared to no VR in pain intensity postintervention (11 trials; <i>n</i> = 569; SMD = −1.92; 95% CI = −2.73, −1.11; <i>p</i> < 0.00001) and followup (4 trials; <i>n</i> = 240; SDM = −6.34; 95% CI = −9.12, −3.56; <i>p</i> < 0.00001); and kinesiophobia postintervention (3 trials; <i>n</i> = 192; MD = −8.96; 95% CI = −17.52, −0.40; <i>p</i> = 0.04) and followup (2 trials; <i>n</i> = 149; MD = −12.04; 95% CI = −20.58, −3.49; <i>p</i> = 0.006). No significant differences were found in disability. In conclusion, VR can significantly reduce pain intensity and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic low back pain after the intervention and at followup. However, high heterogeneity exists and can influence the consistency of the results.
format	article
author	Beatriz Brea-Gómez Irene Torres-Sánchez Araceli Ortiz-Rubio Andrés Calvache-Mateo Irene Cabrera-Martos Laura López-López Marie Carmen Valenza
author_facet	Beatriz Brea-Gómez Irene Torres-Sánchez Araceli Ortiz-Rubio Andrés Calvache-Mateo Irene Cabrera-Martos Laura López-López Marie Carmen Valenza
author_sort	Beatriz Brea-Gómez
title	Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
title_short	Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
title_full	Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
title_fullStr	Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
title_full_unstemmed	Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
title_sort	virtual reality in the treatment of adults with chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/52d1fbeea27c4e46bb57d559e3b0b681
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Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

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