Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block- A Randomised Clinical Trial
Introduction: Alpha‑2 agonists are used as adjuvants with Local Anaesthetic (LA) agents to prolong the duration of regional nerve blocks. Aim: To compare clonidine and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block with respect to onset and duration of se...
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| Format: | article |
| Langue: | EN |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2021
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| Accès en ligne: | https://doaj.org/article/52e8caae8fb64f2b9c4b5a71dc2ffc3f |
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| Résumé: | Introduction: Alpha‑2 agonists are used as adjuvants with
Local Anaesthetic (LA) agents to prolong the duration of regional
nerve blocks.
Aim: To compare clonidine and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant
to bupivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block with
respect to onset and duration of sensory and motor block and
duration of analgesia.
Materials and Methods: In this randomised clinical trial, 70
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I and class II
patients, scheduled for elective upper limb surgeries under
ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block, were
divided into two equal groups. Group-I received clonidine 1 μg/
kg and group-II received dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg added to
bupivacaine 0.5% (20 mL). Onset and recovery time of sensory and
motor block, duration of analgesia were studied in both the groups.
Data analysis was done using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and
Student t-test for analysis of continuous data and Chi-square test
used to know the difference of significance in categorical data.
Results: A total of 70 subjects between age group of 18-60 years
were included in the study. The onset of sensory blockade was
faster in group-I (3.54±0.74 min) than group-II (3.86±0.88 min)
but statistically not significant. The onset of motor blockade was
faster in group-I (5.4±1.12 min) than group-II (6.34±1.14 min)
and difference was statistically significant. Duration of sensory
blockade was longer in group-I (616.23±62.05 min) than
group-II (574.71±61.14 min) and motor blockade in group-I
(635.86±57.82 min) was longer than group-II (562.80±66.89 min)
and the differences were statistically significant. The duration
of analgesia was longer in group-I (797.29±108.06 min) than
group-II (695.00±91.14 min) and the difference was statistically
significant.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine shortens the onset, prolongs the
duration of sensory and motor block and also provides longer
postoperative analgesia as compared with clonidine when used as
an adjuvant to bupivacaine in ultrasound guided supraclavicular
brachial plexus block. |
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