Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.

A critical step of spermatogenesis is the entry of mitotic spermatogonia into meiosis. Progresses on these topics are hampered by the lack of an in vitro culture system allowing mouse spermatogonia differentiation and entry into meiosis. Previous studies have shown that mouse pachytene spermatocytes...

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Autores principales:	Manuela Pellegrini, Sara Di Siena, Giuseppina Claps, Silvia Di Cesare, Susanna Dolci, Pellegrino Rossi, Raffaele Geremia, Paola Grimaldi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/52f543f1b23141d89cfffa1cc7e29da5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:52f543f1b23141d89cfffa1cc7e29da52021-11-25T06:26:06ZMicrogravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0009064https://doaj.org/article/52f543f1b23141d89cfffa1cc7e29da52010-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20140225/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203A critical step of spermatogenesis is the entry of mitotic spermatogonia into meiosis. Progresses on these topics are hampered by the lack of an in vitro culture system allowing mouse spermatogonia differentiation and entry into meiosis. Previous studies have shown that mouse pachytene spermatocytes cultured in simulated microgravity (SM) undergo a spontaneous meiotic progression. Here we report that mouse mitotic spermatogonia cultured under SM with a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) enter into meiosis in the absence of any added exogenous factor or contact with somatic cells. We found that isolated Kit-positive spermatogonia under the RCCS condition enter into the prophase of the first meiotic division (leptotene stage), as monitored by chromosomal organization of the synaptonemal complex 3 protein (Scp3) and up-regulation of several pro-meiotic genes. SM was found to activate the phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway and to induce in Kit-positive spermatogonia the last round of DNA replication, typical of the preleptotene stage. A PI3K inhibitor abolished Scp3 induction and meiotic entry stimulated by RCCS conditions. A positive effect of SM on germ cell differentiation was also observed in undifferentiated (Kit-negative) spermatogonia, in which RCCS conditions stimulate the expression of Kit and Stra8. In conclusion, SM is an artificial environmental condition which promotes postnatal male germ cell differentiation and might provide a tool to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the switch from mitosis to meiosis in mammals.Manuela PellegriniSara Di SienaGiuseppina ClapsSilvia Di CesareSusanna DolciPellegrino RossiRaffaele GeremiaPaola GrimaldiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 5, Iss 2, p e9064 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Manuela Pellegrini Sara Di Siena Giuseppina Claps Silvia Di Cesare Susanna Dolci Pellegrino Rossi Raffaele Geremia Paola Grimaldi Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.
description	A critical step of spermatogenesis is the entry of mitotic spermatogonia into meiosis. Progresses on these topics are hampered by the lack of an in vitro culture system allowing mouse spermatogonia differentiation and entry into meiosis. Previous studies have shown that mouse pachytene spermatocytes cultured in simulated microgravity (SM) undergo a spontaneous meiotic progression. Here we report that mouse mitotic spermatogonia cultured under SM with a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) enter into meiosis in the absence of any added exogenous factor or contact with somatic cells. We found that isolated Kit-positive spermatogonia under the RCCS condition enter into the prophase of the first meiotic division (leptotene stage), as monitored by chromosomal organization of the synaptonemal complex 3 protein (Scp3) and up-regulation of several pro-meiotic genes. SM was found to activate the phosphatidyl inositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway and to induce in Kit-positive spermatogonia the last round of DNA replication, typical of the preleptotene stage. A PI3K inhibitor abolished Scp3 induction and meiotic entry stimulated by RCCS conditions. A positive effect of SM on germ cell differentiation was also observed in undifferentiated (Kit-negative) spermatogonia, in which RCCS conditions stimulate the expression of Kit and Stra8. In conclusion, SM is an artificial environmental condition which promotes postnatal male germ cell differentiation and might provide a tool to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the switch from mitosis to meiosis in mammals.
format	article
author	Manuela Pellegrini Sara Di Siena Giuseppina Claps Silvia Di Cesare Susanna Dolci Pellegrino Rossi Raffaele Geremia Paola Grimaldi
author_facet	Manuela Pellegrini Sara Di Siena Giuseppina Claps Silvia Di Cesare Susanna Dolci Pellegrino Rossi Raffaele Geremia Paola Grimaldi
author_sort	Manuela Pellegrini
title	Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.
title_short	Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.
title_full	Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.
title_fullStr	Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.
title_full_unstemmed	Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.
title_sort	microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/52f543f1b23141d89cfffa1cc7e29da5
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Microgravity promotes differentiation and meiotic entry of postnatal mouse male germ cells.

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