Access and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha

The global demand for biological resources to use as natural ingredients in diverse products is rising rapidly. This creates investment opportunities for nature-based products, creating pressure on and threats to biodiversity and its associated traditional knowledge (TK). Myanmar’s great biodiversit...

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Autores principales:	Alessandra Giuliani, José Tomás Undurraga, Theresa Dunkel, Saw Min Aung
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	ABS Institutional framework BioTrade Burmese thanaka traditional knowledge genetic resources natural ingredients Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/52ff908106414c5ca200cbb7fe8186b7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:52ff908106414c5ca200cbb7fe8186b72021-11-25T19:00:30ZAccess and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha10.3390/su1322123722071-1050https://doaj.org/article/52ff908106414c5ca200cbb7fe8186b72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12372https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050The global demand for biological resources to use as natural ingredients in diverse products is rising rapidly. This creates investment opportunities for nature-based products, creating pressure on and threats to biodiversity and its associated traditional knowledge (TK). Myanmar’s great biodiversity is attractive for scientific investigations searching for natural substances for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and other uses. Myanmar is amid profound political and economic changes, exposing the country to risks and opportunities. The recent opening to world trade put its rich biodiversity and TK under severe threat. One of the local natural biodiversity products is Thanakha, which is traditionally used for skincare. This study investigates the current and planned regulations and practices managing Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) in Myanmar, focusing on one of the potential BioTrade products: Thanakha. A qualitative and quantitative survey was conducted through in-depth interviews with 37 key informants and 35 Thanakha farmers. The results show that while the current research and development activities at the Thanakha manufacturing level could trigger ABS obligations, the low awareness about ABS requirements and the lack of traceability raise uncertainties for its potential implementation. The implementation of BioTrade principles and ethical sourcing to promote the sustainable trade of Thanakha, as well as the implementation of ABS, would lead to the protection of biodiversity and TK, and the improvement of local livelihoods.Alessandra GiulianiJosé Tomás UndurragaTheresa DunkelSaw Min AungMDPI AGarticleABS Institutional frameworkBioTradeBurmese thanakatraditional knowledgegenetic resourcesnatural ingredientsEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 12372, p 12372 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ABS Institutional framework BioTrade Burmese thanaka traditional knowledge genetic resources natural ingredients Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	ABS Institutional framework BioTrade Burmese thanaka traditional knowledge genetic resources natural ingredients Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Alessandra Giuliani José Tomás Undurraga Theresa Dunkel Saw Min Aung Access and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha
description	The global demand for biological resources to use as natural ingredients in diverse products is rising rapidly. This creates investment opportunities for nature-based products, creating pressure on and threats to biodiversity and its associated traditional knowledge (TK). Myanmar’s great biodiversity is attractive for scientific investigations searching for natural substances for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and other uses. Myanmar is amid profound political and economic changes, exposing the country to risks and opportunities. The recent opening to world trade put its rich biodiversity and TK under severe threat. One of the local natural biodiversity products is Thanakha, which is traditionally used for skincare. This study investigates the current and planned regulations and practices managing Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) in Myanmar, focusing on one of the potential BioTrade products: Thanakha. A qualitative and quantitative survey was conducted through in-depth interviews with 37 key informants and 35 Thanakha farmers. The results show that while the current research and development activities at the Thanakha manufacturing level could trigger ABS obligations, the low awareness about ABS requirements and the lack of traceability raise uncertainties for its potential implementation. The implementation of BioTrade principles and ethical sourcing to promote the sustainable trade of Thanakha, as well as the implementation of ABS, would lead to the protection of biodiversity and TK, and the improvement of local livelihoods.
format	article
author	Alessandra Giuliani José Tomás Undurraga Theresa Dunkel Saw Min Aung
author_facet	Alessandra Giuliani José Tomás Undurraga Theresa Dunkel Saw Min Aung
author_sort	Alessandra Giuliani
title	Access and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha
title_short	Access and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha
title_full	Access and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha
title_fullStr	Access and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha
title_full_unstemmed	Access and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha
title_sort	access and benefit sharing and the sustainable trade of biodiversity in myanmar: the case of thanakha
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/52ff908106414c5ca200cbb7fe8186b7
work_keys_str_mv	AT alessandragiuliani accessandbenefitsharingandthesustainabletradeofbiodiversityinmyanmarthecaseofthanakha AT josetomasundurraga accessandbenefitsharingandthesustainabletradeofbiodiversityinmyanmarthecaseofthanakha AT theresadunkel accessandbenefitsharingandthesustainabletradeofbiodiversityinmyanmarthecaseofthanakha AT sawminaung accessandbenefitsharingandthesustainabletradeofbiodiversityinmyanmarthecaseofthanakha
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Access and Benefit Sharing and the Sustainable Trade of Biodiversity in Myanmar: The Case of Thanakha

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