The unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin

Abstract The interannual variability of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the Indian Ocean is complex and characterized by various air-sea coupled modes, which occur around El Niño/La Niña's peak phase (i.e. December–January–February, DJF). Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) develops over the t...

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Autores principales:	Xinqiang Xu, Lei Wang, Weidong Yu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/53072cffb9f74080a7e7d12e1c486d70
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:53072cffb9f74080a7e7d12e1c486d702021-12-02T13:20:20ZThe unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin10.1038/s41598-021-84936-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/53072cffb9f74080a7e7d12e1c486d702021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84936-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The interannual variability of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the Indian Ocean is complex and characterized by various air-sea coupled modes, which occur around El Niño/La Niña's peak phase (i.e. December–January–February, DJF). Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) develops over the tropical Indian Ocean and peaks in September–October–November (SON), while Ningaloo Niño, Subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole (SIOD) and Indian Ocean Basin Mode (IOBM) occur respectively over northwest off Australia, subtropical and tropical Indian Ocean, during boreal winter to spring. The apparent contrast between their divergent regionality and convergent seasonality around DJF triggers the present study to examine the interaction between the local mean monsoonal cycle and the anomalous forcing from El Niño/La Niña. The diagnosis confirms that the Indian Ocean’s unique complexity, including the monsoonal circulation over the tropics and the trade wind over the subtropical southern Indian Ocean, plays the fundamental role in anchoring the various regional air-sea coupled modes across the basin. The SST anomalies can be readily explained by the wind-evaporation-SST (WES) mechanism, which works together with other more regional-dependent dynamic and thermodynamic mechanisms. This implies that El Niño/La Niña brings much predictability for the Indian Ocean variations.Xinqiang XuLei WangWeidong YuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Xinqiang Xu Lei Wang Weidong Yu The unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin
description	Abstract The interannual variability of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the Indian Ocean is complex and characterized by various air-sea coupled modes, which occur around El Niño/La Niña's peak phase (i.e. December–January–February, DJF). Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) develops over the tropical Indian Ocean and peaks in September–October–November (SON), while Ningaloo Niño, Subtropical Indian Ocean Dipole (SIOD) and Indian Ocean Basin Mode (IOBM) occur respectively over northwest off Australia, subtropical and tropical Indian Ocean, during boreal winter to spring. The apparent contrast between their divergent regionality and convergent seasonality around DJF triggers the present study to examine the interaction between the local mean monsoonal cycle and the anomalous forcing from El Niño/La Niña. The diagnosis confirms that the Indian Ocean’s unique complexity, including the monsoonal circulation over the tropics and the trade wind over the subtropical southern Indian Ocean, plays the fundamental role in anchoring the various regional air-sea coupled modes across the basin. The SST anomalies can be readily explained by the wind-evaporation-SST (WES) mechanism, which works together with other more regional-dependent dynamic and thermodynamic mechanisms. This implies that El Niño/La Niña brings much predictability for the Indian Ocean variations.
format	article
author	Xinqiang Xu Lei Wang Weidong Yu
author_facet	Xinqiang Xu Lei Wang Weidong Yu
author_sort	Xinqiang Xu
title	The unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin
title_short	The unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin
title_full	The unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin
title_fullStr	The unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin
title_full_unstemmed	The unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin
title_sort	unique mean seasonal cycle in the indian ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/53072cffb9f74080a7e7d12e1c486d70
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The unique mean seasonal cycle in the Indian Ocean anchors its various air-sea coupled modes across the basin

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