Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

The objective of the research was to specify the predictors of positive and negative emotions experienced by Poles during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers used the following standardized measurement tools: emotions (PANAS), mood (UMACL), satisfaction with life (SWLS), optimi...

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Autores principales:	Estera Twardowska-Staszek, Irmina Rostek, Krzysztof Biel, Anna Seredyńska
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	pandemic COVID-19 mental health emotions optimism satisfaction with life Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/534dc97e1c2c4410b67e53aab7da497d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:534dc97e1c2c4410b67e53aab7da497d2021-11-25T17:50:07ZPredictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic10.3390/ijerph1822119931660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/534dc97e1c2c4410b67e53aab7da497d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/22/11993https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601The objective of the research was to specify the predictors of positive and negative emotions experienced by Poles during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers used the following standardized measurement tools: emotions (PANAS), mood (UMACL), satisfaction with life (SWLS), optimism (LOT-R), and coping with stress (CISS). They also used a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic information and data concerning COVID-19 infections. In total, 595 participants (80.50% women) aged 18–75 participated in the research. It was concluded that the predictors of positive emotions included a task-oriented coping style, level of satisfaction with life, being a man, hedonic tone in the description of mood, and being an employed student. The negative predictors of positive emotions included emotion-oriented coping and the level of energetic arousal in the description of mood. The predictors of negative emotions were tense arousal in the description of mood, emotion-oriented coping, being over 60 years of age, and changes in respondents’ standard of living. The negative predictors of negative emotions included living in a medium-sized town or in a village. The research conclusions encourage us to pay special attention to possible at-risk groups threatened with mental health disorders and to factors that protect people against negative psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.Estera Twardowska-StaszekIrmina RostekKrzysztof BielAnna SeredyńskaMDPI AGarticlepandemicCOVID-19mental healthemotionsoptimismsatisfaction with lifeMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11993, p 11993 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	pandemic COVID-19 mental health emotions optimism satisfaction with life Medicine R
spellingShingle	pandemic COVID-19 mental health emotions optimism satisfaction with life Medicine R Estera Twardowska-Staszek Irmina Rostek Krzysztof Biel Anna Seredyńska Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
description	The objective of the research was to specify the predictors of positive and negative emotions experienced by Poles during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The researchers used the following standardized measurement tools: emotions (PANAS), mood (UMACL), satisfaction with life (SWLS), optimism (LOT-R), and coping with stress (CISS). They also used a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic information and data concerning COVID-19 infections. In total, 595 participants (80.50% women) aged 18–75 participated in the research. It was concluded that the predictors of positive emotions included a task-oriented coping style, level of satisfaction with life, being a man, hedonic tone in the description of mood, and being an employed student. The negative predictors of positive emotions included emotion-oriented coping and the level of energetic arousal in the description of mood. The predictors of negative emotions were tense arousal in the description of mood, emotion-oriented coping, being over 60 years of age, and changes in respondents’ standard of living. The negative predictors of negative emotions included living in a medium-sized town or in a village. The research conclusions encourage us to pay special attention to possible at-risk groups threatened with mental health disorders and to factors that protect people against negative psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
format	article
author	Estera Twardowska-Staszek Irmina Rostek Krzysztof Biel Anna Seredyńska
author_facet	Estera Twardowska-Staszek Irmina Rostek Krzysztof Biel Anna Seredyńska
author_sort	Estera Twardowska-Staszek
title	Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_short	Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full	Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_fullStr	Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_full_unstemmed	Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
title_sort	predictors of positive and negative emotions experienced by poles during the second wave of the covid-19 pandemic
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/534dc97e1c2c4410b67e53aab7da497d
work_keys_str_mv	AT esteratwardowskastaszek predictorsofpositiveandnegativeemotionsexperiencedbypolesduringthesecondwaveofthecovid19pandemic AT irminarostek predictorsofpositiveandnegativeemotionsexperiencedbypolesduringthesecondwaveofthecovid19pandemic AT krzysztofbiel predictorsofpositiveandnegativeemotionsexperiencedbypolesduringthesecondwaveofthecovid19pandemic AT annaseredynska predictorsofpositiveandnegativeemotionsexperiencedbypolesduringthesecondwaveofthecovid19pandemic
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Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

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