Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View

The origin, spread and molecular epidemiology of altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated from cholera outbreaks/surveillance studies between 1995 and 2019 from different district of Odisha were analyzed. The stock cultures of V. cholerae O1 strains from 1995 to 2019 were analyzed through...

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Autores principales:	Bibhuti Bhusan Pal, Dipti Ranjan Behera, Smruti Ranjan Nayak, Ashish Kumar Nayak
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	origin spread V. cholerae O1 ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes Odisha Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5358eff11082458fb5fdb52a4a13e50e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5358eff11082458fb5fdb52a4a13e50e2021-11-18T08:43:47ZOrigin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.757986https://doaj.org/article/5358eff11082458fb5fdb52a4a13e50e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.757986/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XThe origin, spread and molecular epidemiology of altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated from cholera outbreaks/surveillance studies between 1995 and 2019 from different district of Odisha were analyzed. The stock cultures of V. cholerae O1 strains from 1995 to 2019 were analyzed through molecular analysis using different PCR assays and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. The spread map (month, year and place) was constructed to locate the dissemination of altered El Tor variants of V. cholerae O1 in this region. A total of 13 cholera outbreaks were caused by V. cholerae O1 Ogawa biotype El Tor carrying ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes. The ctxB1 alleles of V. cholerae O1 mostly confined to the coastal areas, whereas the ctxB7 genotypes, though originating in the coastal region of Odisha, concentrated more in the tribal areas. The positive correlation between virulence-associated genes (VAGs) was found through Pearson’s correlation model, indicative of a stronger association between the VAGs. The clonal relationship through PFGE between ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes of V. cholerae O1 strains exhibited 80% similarity indicating single- or multi-clonal evolution. It is evident from this study that the spread of multidrug-resistant V. cholerae O1-altered El Tor was dominant over the prototype El Tor strains in this region. The origin of altered El Tor variants of V. cholerae O1 occurred in the East Coast of Odisha established that the origin of cholera happened in the Gangetic belts of Bay of Bengal where all new variants of V. cholerae O1 might have originated from the Asian countries.Bibhuti Bhusan PalDipti Ranjan BeheraSmruti Ranjan NayakAshish Kumar NayakFrontiers Media S.A.articleoriginspreadV. cholerae O1ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypesOdishaMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	origin spread V. cholerae O1 ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes Odisha Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	origin spread V. cholerae O1 ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes Odisha Microbiology QR1-502 Bibhuti Bhusan Pal Dipti Ranjan Behera Smruti Ranjan Nayak Ashish Kumar Nayak Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View
description	The origin, spread and molecular epidemiology of altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 strains isolated from cholera outbreaks/surveillance studies between 1995 and 2019 from different district of Odisha were analyzed. The stock cultures of V. cholerae O1 strains from 1995 to 2019 were analyzed through molecular analysis using different PCR assays and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. The spread map (month, year and place) was constructed to locate the dissemination of altered El Tor variants of V. cholerae O1 in this region. A total of 13 cholera outbreaks were caused by V. cholerae O1 Ogawa biotype El Tor carrying ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes. The ctxB1 alleles of V. cholerae O1 mostly confined to the coastal areas, whereas the ctxB7 genotypes, though originating in the coastal region of Odisha, concentrated more in the tribal areas. The positive correlation between virulence-associated genes (VAGs) was found through Pearson’s correlation model, indicative of a stronger association between the VAGs. The clonal relationship through PFGE between ctxB1 and ctxB7 genotypes of V. cholerae O1 strains exhibited 80% similarity indicating single- or multi-clonal evolution. It is evident from this study that the spread of multidrug-resistant V. cholerae O1-altered El Tor was dominant over the prototype El Tor strains in this region. The origin of altered El Tor variants of V. cholerae O1 occurred in the East Coast of Odisha established that the origin of cholera happened in the Gangetic belts of Bay of Bengal where all new variants of V. cholerae O1 might have originated from the Asian countries.
format	article
author	Bibhuti Bhusan Pal Dipti Ranjan Behera Smruti Ranjan Nayak Ashish Kumar Nayak
author_facet	Bibhuti Bhusan Pal Dipti Ranjan Behera Smruti Ranjan Nayak Ashish Kumar Nayak
author_sort	Bibhuti Bhusan Pal
title	Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View
title_short	Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View
title_full	Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View
title_fullStr	Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View
title_full_unstemmed	Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View
title_sort	origin and dissemination of altered el tor vibrio cholerae o1 causing cholera in odisha, india: two and half decade’s view
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5358eff11082458fb5fdb52a4a13e50e
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Origin and Dissemination of Altered El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Causing Cholera in Odisha, India: Two and Half Decade’s View

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