Utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.

Summer weed species, including Echinochloa colona, are becoming problematic in the eastern grain region of Australia, but cover crops can be useful to suppress weeds during the summer fallow period. The present study evaluated the growth and seed production of E. colona grown alone or with four and...

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Autores principales:	Amar Matloob, Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/536602e718df46d3805afab59c006465
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:536602e718df46d3805afab59c0064652021-12-02T20:15:27ZUtilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0254584https://doaj.org/article/536602e718df46d3805afab59c0064652021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254584https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Summer weed species, including Echinochloa colona, are becoming problematic in the eastern grain region of Australia, but cover crops can be useful to suppress weeds during the summer fallow period. The present study evaluated the growth and seed production of E. colona grown alone or with four and eight cover crop plants per pot (i.e., 80 and 160 plants m-2). Four legume (cowpea, lablab, pigeonpea, and soybean) and two grass (forage sorghum and Japanese millet) cover crops were used. Interference by cover crops reduced the height, the number of leaves and tillers, inflorescence number, seed production, and biomass of this weed than when it was grown alone. Cover crops differed in their ability to suppress the growth and seed production of E. colona. The effect of cover crop density on the studied attributes was non-significant in most cases. Pigeonpea as a cover crop was the least effective in suppressing the growth and seed production of E. colona. In general, leguminous cover crops exhibited less suppression of E. colona than grasses. Forage sorghum was most efficient in reducing the growth of this weed. Forage sorghum and Japanese millet reduced E. colona leaf and tiller numbers per plant by 90 and 87%, respectively. These cover crops reduced E. colona leaf number to only 17 per plant as against 160 per plant recorded without cover crops. Inflorescence number per E. colona plant growing alone was as high as 48. However, it was reduced by 20-92% when this weed was grown with cover crop plants. E. colona's seed production was significantly suppressed by all the cover crops, except pigeonpea. Biomass of E. colona was suppressed largely by forage sorghum and Japanese millet compared to other cover crops. Among the cover crops, pigeonpea produced the lowest biomass of 11 g pot-1, and the highest biomass (114 g pot-1) was produced by forage sorghum. The study demonstrated the usefulness of cover crops, especially forage sorghum and Japanese millet, to suppress the growth and seed output of E. colona.Amar MatloobBhagirath Singh ChauhanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0254584 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Amar Matloob Bhagirath Singh Chauhan Utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.
description	Summer weed species, including Echinochloa colona, are becoming problematic in the eastern grain region of Australia, but cover crops can be useful to suppress weeds during the summer fallow period. The present study evaluated the growth and seed production of E. colona grown alone or with four and eight cover crop plants per pot (i.e., 80 and 160 plants m-2). Four legume (cowpea, lablab, pigeonpea, and soybean) and two grass (forage sorghum and Japanese millet) cover crops were used. Interference by cover crops reduced the height, the number of leaves and tillers, inflorescence number, seed production, and biomass of this weed than when it was grown alone. Cover crops differed in their ability to suppress the growth and seed production of E. colona. The effect of cover crop density on the studied attributes was non-significant in most cases. Pigeonpea as a cover crop was the least effective in suppressing the growth and seed production of E. colona. In general, leguminous cover crops exhibited less suppression of E. colona than grasses. Forage sorghum was most efficient in reducing the growth of this weed. Forage sorghum and Japanese millet reduced E. colona leaf and tiller numbers per plant by 90 and 87%, respectively. These cover crops reduced E. colona leaf number to only 17 per plant as against 160 per plant recorded without cover crops. Inflorescence number per E. colona plant growing alone was as high as 48. However, it was reduced by 20-92% when this weed was grown with cover crop plants. E. colona's seed production was significantly suppressed by all the cover crops, except pigeonpea. Biomass of E. colona was suppressed largely by forage sorghum and Japanese millet compared to other cover crops. Among the cover crops, pigeonpea produced the lowest biomass of 11 g pot-1, and the highest biomass (114 g pot-1) was produced by forage sorghum. The study demonstrated the usefulness of cover crops, especially forage sorghum and Japanese millet, to suppress the growth and seed output of E. colona.
format	article
author	Amar Matloob Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
author_facet	Amar Matloob Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
author_sort	Amar Matloob
title	Utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.
title_short	Utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.
title_full	Utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.
title_fullStr	Utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.
title_full_unstemmed	Utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.
title_sort	utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for echinochloa colona management.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/536602e718df46d3805afab59c006465
work_keys_str_mv	AT amarmatloob utilizationoftheneighborhooddesigntoevaluatesuitablecovercropsandtheirdensityforechinochloacolonamanagement AT bhagirathsinghchauhan utilizationoftheneighborhooddesigntoevaluatesuitablecovercropsandtheirdensityforechinochloacolonamanagement
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Utilization of the neighborhood design to evaluate suitable cover crops and their density for Echinochloa colona management.

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