Successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The development of executive function is necessary for flexible and voluntary control of behavior. Deficits in executive function are purported to be a primary cause of behavioral inflexibility-a core clinical symptom-in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Attentional set-shifting has traditionally been...

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Autores principales:	Hayley Smith, Alice S Carter, Erik Blaser, Zsuzsa Kaldy
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5367d7540eb14bf9b5a31551bccf4da8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5367d7540eb14bf9b5a31551bccf4da82021-12-02T20:04:09ZSuccessful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0213903https://doaj.org/article/5367d7540eb14bf9b5a31551bccf4da82019-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213903https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The development of executive function is necessary for flexible and voluntary control of behavior. Deficits in executive function are purported to be a primary cause of behavioral inflexibility-a core clinical symptom-in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Attentional set-shifting has traditionally been measured with the Dimensional Change Card Sort, however, this task requires following verbal instructions. Here, we used a novel visual search task that does not require verbal instructions in conjunction with eye-tracking to test attentional set-shifting in 2-year-old toddlers diagnosed with ASD (N = 29) and chronological age-matched typically developing controls (N = 30). On each trial, a relevant and an irrelevant target were embedded in a set of feature-conjunction distractors, and toddlers were tasked with searching for the relevant target. Critically, after a set of trials the targets switched roles (i.e., the previously relevant target became irrelevant, and the previously relevant target became irrelevant). We measured visual search performance prior to and following a target switch. We found that both groups of toddlers could readily switch targets, and found strikingly similar performance between typically developing toddlers and toddlers with ASD. Our results challenge the centrality of deficits in attentional set-shifting to early behavioral inflexibility in ASD.Hayley SmithAlice S CarterErik BlaserZsuzsa KaldyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 3, p e0213903 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hayley Smith Alice S Carter Erik Blaser Zsuzsa Kaldy Successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.
description	The development of executive function is necessary for flexible and voluntary control of behavior. Deficits in executive function are purported to be a primary cause of behavioral inflexibility-a core clinical symptom-in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Attentional set-shifting has traditionally been measured with the Dimensional Change Card Sort, however, this task requires following verbal instructions. Here, we used a novel visual search task that does not require verbal instructions in conjunction with eye-tracking to test attentional set-shifting in 2-year-old toddlers diagnosed with ASD (N = 29) and chronological age-matched typically developing controls (N = 30). On each trial, a relevant and an irrelevant target were embedded in a set of feature-conjunction distractors, and toddlers were tasked with searching for the relevant target. Critically, after a set of trials the targets switched roles (i.e., the previously relevant target became irrelevant, and the previously relevant target became irrelevant). We measured visual search performance prior to and following a target switch. We found that both groups of toddlers could readily switch targets, and found strikingly similar performance between typically developing toddlers and toddlers with ASD. Our results challenge the centrality of deficits in attentional set-shifting to early behavioral inflexibility in ASD.
format	article
author	Hayley Smith Alice S Carter Erik Blaser Zsuzsa Kaldy
author_facet	Hayley Smith Alice S Carter Erik Blaser Zsuzsa Kaldy
author_sort	Hayley Smith
title	Successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.
title_short	Successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.
title_full	Successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.
title_fullStr	Successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.
title_full_unstemmed	Successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.
title_sort	successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without autism spectrum disorder.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/5367d7540eb14bf9b5a31551bccf4da8
work_keys_str_mv	AT hayleysmith successfulattentionalsetshiftingin2yearoldswithandwithoutautismspectrumdisorder AT alicescarter successfulattentionalsetshiftingin2yearoldswithandwithoutautismspectrumdisorder AT erikblaser successfulattentionalsetshiftingin2yearoldswithandwithoutautismspectrumdisorder AT zsuzsakaldy successfulattentionalsetshiftingin2yearoldswithandwithoutautismspectrumdisorder
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Successful attentional set-shifting in 2-year-olds with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder.

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