Maternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study

Background: Accumulating evidence indicates early life exposure to air pollution, a suspected neurotoxicant, is negatively associated with children’s neurodevelopment. Objectives: To explore the role of multiple exposure periods to ambient particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitr...

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Autores principales:	Salma M. Ahmed, Gita D. Mishra, Katrina M. Moss, Ian A. Yang, Kate Lycett, Luke D. Knibbs
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2022
Materias:	Children Mental health Neurodevelopment Traffic-related air pollution Road proximity Sensitive windows Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/53bba39d1e0c4e6baf1c265d2fa44069
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:53bba39d1e0c4e6baf1c265d2fa440692021-11-28T04:27:35ZMaternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study0160-412010.1016/j.envint.2021.107003https://doaj.org/article/53bba39d1e0c4e6baf1c265d2fa440692022-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412021006280https://doaj.org/toc/0160-4120Background: Accumulating evidence indicates early life exposure to air pollution, a suspected neurotoxicant, is negatively associated with children’s neurodevelopment. Objectives: To explore the role of multiple exposure periods to ambient particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on emotion and behaviour, and early development in children <13 years. Methods: We used data from Mothers and their Children’s Health (MatCH) study, a 2016/17 sub-study from a prospective longitudinal study, the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Annual PM2.5 and NO2 estimates since 1996 were obtained from a land-use regression model. Maternal residential proximity to roadways were used as a proxy measure of exposure to traffic-related air pollution. Child outcomes were maternal-rated emotional and behavioural problems (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; SDQ, aged 2–12 years, n = 5471 children) and developmental delay in communication and gross motor skills (Ages and Stages Questionnaire; ASQ, aged 1–66 months, n = 1265 children). Defined exposure periods were early life exposure (‘during pregnancy’ and ‘first year of life’) and ‘children’s lifetime exposure’. Ambient air pollution was divided into tertiles and logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratio (OR) for each child outcome, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Children exposed to moderate and high PM2.5 exposure, compared to low exposure, across all periods, had higher odds of emotional and behavioural problems, and gross motor delay. Children’s lifetime exposure to moderate levels of PM2.5 (5.9–7.1 µg/m3) was associated with 1.27 (95% confidence interval 1.03, 1.57) fold higher odds of emotional/behavioural problems. Similar associations were found for moderate PM2.5 levels at ‘first year of life’ in a two-pollutant model only (OR: 1.30; 1.05, 1.60). However, there was insufficient evidence to suggest that NO2 exposure or living within 200 m of major roads was associated with emotional and behaviour problems or developmental delay across any exposure periods. Conclusion: We found isolated evidence that early life and childhood exposure to PM2.5 may be associated with emotional and behavioural problems and delays in gross motor skills, but most associations were null. Due to the limited number of longitudinal studies on low-exposure settings, further studies with more temporally refined exposure assessment are warranted.Salma M. AhmedGita D. MishraKatrina M. MossIan A. YangKate LycettLuke D. KnibbsElsevierarticleChildrenMental healthNeurodevelopmentTraffic-related air pollutionRoad proximitySensitive windowsEnvironmental sciencesGE1-350ENEnvironment International, Vol 158, Iss , Pp 107003- (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Children Mental health Neurodevelopment Traffic-related air pollution Road proximity Sensitive windows Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	Children Mental health Neurodevelopment Traffic-related air pollution Road proximity Sensitive windows Environmental sciences GE1-350 Salma M. Ahmed Gita D. Mishra Katrina M. Moss Ian A. Yang Kate Lycett Luke D. Knibbs Maternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study
description	Background: Accumulating evidence indicates early life exposure to air pollution, a suspected neurotoxicant, is negatively associated with children’s neurodevelopment. Objectives: To explore the role of multiple exposure periods to ambient particulate matter with diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on emotion and behaviour, and early development in children <13 years. Methods: We used data from Mothers and their Children’s Health (MatCH) study, a 2016/17 sub-study from a prospective longitudinal study, the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Annual PM2.5 and NO2 estimates since 1996 were obtained from a land-use regression model. Maternal residential proximity to roadways were used as a proxy measure of exposure to traffic-related air pollution. Child outcomes were maternal-rated emotional and behavioural problems (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; SDQ, aged 2–12 years, n = 5471 children) and developmental delay in communication and gross motor skills (Ages and Stages Questionnaire; ASQ, aged 1–66 months, n = 1265 children). Defined exposure periods were early life exposure (‘during pregnancy’ and ‘first year of life’) and ‘children’s lifetime exposure’. Ambient air pollution was divided into tertiles and logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratio (OR) for each child outcome, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Children exposed to moderate and high PM2.5 exposure, compared to low exposure, across all periods, had higher odds of emotional and behavioural problems, and gross motor delay. Children’s lifetime exposure to moderate levels of PM2.5 (5.9–7.1 µg/m3) was associated with 1.27 (95% confidence interval 1.03, 1.57) fold higher odds of emotional/behavioural problems. Similar associations were found for moderate PM2.5 levels at ‘first year of life’ in a two-pollutant model only (OR: 1.30; 1.05, 1.60). However, there was insufficient evidence to suggest that NO2 exposure or living within 200 m of major roads was associated with emotional and behaviour problems or developmental delay across any exposure periods. Conclusion: We found isolated evidence that early life and childhood exposure to PM2.5 may be associated with emotional and behavioural problems and delays in gross motor skills, but most associations were null. Due to the limited number of longitudinal studies on low-exposure settings, further studies with more temporally refined exposure assessment are warranted.
format	article
author	Salma M. Ahmed Gita D. Mishra Katrina M. Moss Ian A. Yang Kate Lycett Luke D. Knibbs
author_facet	Salma M. Ahmed Gita D. Mishra Katrina M. Moss Ian A. Yang Kate Lycett Luke D. Knibbs
author_sort	Salma M. Ahmed
title	Maternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study
title_short	Maternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study
title_full	Maternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study
title_fullStr	Maternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study
title_full_unstemmed	Maternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study
title_sort	maternal and childhood ambient air pollution exposure and mental health symptoms and psychomotor development in children: an australian population-based longitudinal study
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/53bba39d1e0c4e6baf1c265d2fa44069
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Maternal and Childhood Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and Mental Health Symptoms and Psychomotor Development in Children: An Australian Population-Based Longitudinal Study

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