Common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia

Abstract Schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are severe mental disorders, which have been associated with alterations of the peripheral inflammatory network. However, studies for both disorders have not been fully consistent and have focused on few canonical markers with high rele...

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Autores principales:	Federica Klaus, Karoline Guetter, Rebecca Schlegel, Tobias R. Spiller, Erich Seifritz, Flurin Cathomas, Stefan Kaiser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/53eb570a1d574be2bf3de2d2e71037f0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:53eb570a1d574be2bf3de2d2e71037f02021-12-02T18:51:07ZCommon and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia10.1038/s41598-021-98769-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/53eb570a1d574be2bf3de2d2e71037f02021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98769-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are severe mental disorders, which have been associated with alterations of the peripheral inflammatory network. However, studies for both disorders have not been fully consistent and have focused on few canonical markers with high relevance to the innate immune system, while the role of the adaptive immune system is studied less. Furthermore, it is unclear to what extent inflammatory abnormalities are diagnosis-specific or transdiagnostic. The purpose of this study was to investigate 75 peripheral inflammatory markers including the acute phase protein high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in patients with MDD (n = 37), SZ (n = 42) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 17), while considering possible confounders and correcting rigorously for multiple testing in group comparisons. We identified C–C chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as the inflammatory markers with significant group differences after controlling for multiple comparisons and adjusting for BMI, sex and smoking as confounders. TRAIL was elevated in both MDD and SZ compared to HC. CCL20 was specifically increased in SZ compared to MDD and HC. There were no significant group differences in hsCRP after correcting for multiple testing. Finally, we observed no significant correlations among CCL20, TRAIL and CRP. TRAIL is a transdiagnostic marker for SZ and MDD, with both markers being independent from CRP and body mass index (BMI). CCL20 may be a novel and specific biomarker of schizophrenia, but an influence of antipsychotic medication cannot be excluded. Identifying novel markers in mental disease bears the potential for future research towards novel treatment strategies by modifying inflammation-related processes.Federica KlausKaroline GuetterRebecca SchlegelTobias R. SpillerErich SeifritzFlurin CathomasStefan KaiserNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Federica Klaus Karoline Guetter Rebecca Schlegel Tobias R. Spiller Erich Seifritz Flurin Cathomas Stefan Kaiser Common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia
description	Abstract Schizophrenia (SZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are severe mental disorders, which have been associated with alterations of the peripheral inflammatory network. However, studies for both disorders have not been fully consistent and have focused on few canonical markers with high relevance to the innate immune system, while the role of the adaptive immune system is studied less. Furthermore, it is unclear to what extent inflammatory abnormalities are diagnosis-specific or transdiagnostic. The purpose of this study was to investigate 75 peripheral inflammatory markers including the acute phase protein high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in patients with MDD (n = 37), SZ (n = 42) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 17), while considering possible confounders and correcting rigorously for multiple testing in group comparisons. We identified C–C chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as the inflammatory markers with significant group differences after controlling for multiple comparisons and adjusting for BMI, sex and smoking as confounders. TRAIL was elevated in both MDD and SZ compared to HC. CCL20 was specifically increased in SZ compared to MDD and HC. There were no significant group differences in hsCRP after correcting for multiple testing. Finally, we observed no significant correlations among CCL20, TRAIL and CRP. TRAIL is a transdiagnostic marker for SZ and MDD, with both markers being independent from CRP and body mass index (BMI). CCL20 may be a novel and specific biomarker of schizophrenia, but an influence of antipsychotic medication cannot be excluded. Identifying novel markers in mental disease bears the potential for future research towards novel treatment strategies by modifying inflammation-related processes.
format	article
author	Federica Klaus Karoline Guetter Rebecca Schlegel Tobias R. Spiller Erich Seifritz Flurin Cathomas Stefan Kaiser
author_facet	Federica Klaus Karoline Guetter Rebecca Schlegel Tobias R. Spiller Erich Seifritz Flurin Cathomas Stefan Kaiser
author_sort	Federica Klaus
title	Common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia
title_short	Common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia
title_full	Common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia
title_fullStr	Common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia
title_full_unstemmed	Common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia
title_sort	common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers trail and ccl20 in depression and schizophrenia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/53eb570a1d574be2bf3de2d2e71037f0
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_version_	1718377446661685248

Common and disorder-specific upregulation of the inflammatory markers TRAIL and CCL20 in depression and schizophrenia

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