MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Background: Identification of novel biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to reveal the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of MYC-associated factor X dimerization protein 1 (MXD1) in ESCC. Patients and me...

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Autores principales: Feng Du MD, Dezuo Dong PhD, Xiaodong Zhang MB, Jun Jia MD
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: SAGE Publishing 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:541aab1bd2344a2e82429e889b1ff8622021-11-12T00:03:34ZMXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma1533-033810.1177/15330338211052142https://doaj.org/article/541aab1bd2344a2e82429e889b1ff8622021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1177/15330338211052142https://doaj.org/toc/1533-0338Background: Identification of novel biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to reveal the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of MYC-associated factor X dimerization protein 1 (MXD1) in ESCC. Patients and methods: We collected 3 ESCC cohorts to investigate the effect of MXD1 on clinical outcomes. In addition, we compared and analyzed the possible transcription changes between MXD1-low and MXD1-high ESCC patients using bioinformatics. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to confirm the potential impact of MXD1 on the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Results: MXD1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was significantly lower in tumors than in normal tissues. Low expression of MXD1 in ESCC was associated with a more aggressive tumor stage and worse prognosis at both the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, MXD1-low ESCC showed upregulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix-related gene sets, and significantly higher NFE2L2 and KIAA1324L mutation frequencies. In contrast, MXD1-high ESCC showed upregulation of tumor differentiation and immune-related gene sets. Furthermore, the CIBERSORT approach showed that high expression of MXD1 was associated with a higher proportion of neutrophils but a lower proportion of M2 macrophages. At the protein level, MXD1 expression was positively correlated with programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) and CD8 expression. In silico analysis predicted that MXD1-high ESCC was more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. Conclusion: This study suggests that MXD1 is a crucial prognostic factor in ESCC patients and is closely associated with specific transcriptional changes and TIME features.Feng Du MDDezuo Dong PhDXiaodong Zhang MBJun Jia MDSAGE PublishingarticleNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENTechnology in Cancer Research & Treatment, Vol 20 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
RC254-282
spellingShingle Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens
RC254-282
Feng Du MD
Dezuo Dong PhD
Xiaodong Zhang MB
Jun Jia MD
MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
description Background: Identification of novel biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to reveal the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of MYC-associated factor X dimerization protein 1 (MXD1) in ESCC. Patients and methods: We collected 3 ESCC cohorts to investigate the effect of MXD1 on clinical outcomes. In addition, we compared and analyzed the possible transcription changes between MXD1-low and MXD1-high ESCC patients using bioinformatics. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to confirm the potential impact of MXD1 on the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Results: MXD1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was significantly lower in tumors than in normal tissues. Low expression of MXD1 in ESCC was associated with a more aggressive tumor stage and worse prognosis at both the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, MXD1-low ESCC showed upregulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix-related gene sets, and significantly higher NFE2L2 and KIAA1324L mutation frequencies. In contrast, MXD1-high ESCC showed upregulation of tumor differentiation and immune-related gene sets. Furthermore, the CIBERSORT approach showed that high expression of MXD1 was associated with a higher proportion of neutrophils but a lower proportion of M2 macrophages. At the protein level, MXD1 expression was positively correlated with programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) and CD8 expression. In silico analysis predicted that MXD1-high ESCC was more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. Conclusion: This study suggests that MXD1 is a crucial prognostic factor in ESCC patients and is closely associated with specific transcriptional changes and TIME features.
format article
author Feng Du MD
Dezuo Dong PhD
Xiaodong Zhang MB
Jun Jia MD
author_facet Feng Du MD
Dezuo Dong PhD
Xiaodong Zhang MB
Jun Jia MD
author_sort Feng Du MD
title MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_short MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_full MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_fullStr MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
title_sort mxd1 is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with specific molecular change and tumor microenvironment feature in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
publisher SAGE Publishing
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/541aab1bd2344a2e82429e889b1ff862
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