Accuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery

Ice Pathfinder (Code: BNU-1), launched on 12 September 2019, is the first Chinese polar observation microsatellite. Its main payload is a wide-view camera with a ground resolution of 74 m at the subsatellite point and a scanning width of 744 km. BNU-1 takes into account the balance between spatial r...

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Autores principales:	Ying Zhang, Zhaohui Chi, Fengming Hui, Teng Li, Xuying Liu, Baogang Zhang, Xiao Cheng, Zhuoqi Chen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	geolocation microsatellite Ice Pathfinder BNU-1 geometric correction image division Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/544806e85c7b418f95994df4336a0f30
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:544806e85c7b418f95994df4336a0f302021-11-11T18:52:41ZAccuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery10.3390/rs132142782072-4292https://doaj.org/article/544806e85c7b418f95994df4336a0f302021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4278https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Ice Pathfinder (Code: BNU-1), launched on 12 September 2019, is the first Chinese polar observation microsatellite. Its main payload is a wide-view camera with a ground resolution of 74 m at the subsatellite point and a scanning width of 744 km. BNU-1 takes into account the balance between spatial resolution and revisit frequency, providing observations with finer spatial resolution than Terra/Aqua MODIS data and more frequent revisits than Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI. It is a valuable supplement for polar observations. Geolocation is an essential step in satellite image processing. This study aims to geolocate BNU-1 images; this includes two steps. For the first step, a geometric calibration model is applied to transform the image coordinates to geographic coordinates. The images calibrated by the geometric model are the Level1A (L1A) product. Due to the inaccuracy of satellite attitude and orbit parameters, the geometric calibration model also exhibits errors, resulting in geolocation errors in the BNU-1 L1A product. Then, a geometric correction method is applied as the second step to find the control points (CPs) extracted from the BNU-1 L1A product and the corresponding MODIS images. These CPs are used to estimate and correct geolocation errors. The BNU-1 L1A product corrected by the geometric correction method is processed to the Level1B (L1B) product. Although the geometric correction method based on CPs has been widely used to correct the geolocation errors of visible remote sensing images, it is difficult to extract enough CPs from polar images due to the high reflectance of snow and ice. In this study, the geometric correction employs an image division and an image enhancement method to extract more CPs from the BNU-1 L1A products. The results indicate that the number of CPs extracted by the division and image enhancements increases by about 30% to 182%. Twenty-eight images of Antarctica and fifteen images of Arctic regions were evaluated to assess the performance of the geometric correction. The average geolocation error was reduced from 10 km to ~300 m. In general, this study presents the geolocation method, which could serve as a reference for the geolocation of other visible remote sensing images for polar observations.Ying ZhangZhaohui ChiFengming HuiTeng LiXuying LiuBaogang ZhangXiao ChengZhuoqi ChenMDPI AGarticlegeolocationmicrosatelliteIce PathfinderBNU-1geometric correctionimage divisionScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4278, p 4278 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	geolocation microsatellite Ice Pathfinder BNU-1 geometric correction image division Science Q
spellingShingle	geolocation microsatellite Ice Pathfinder BNU-1 geometric correction image division Science Q Ying Zhang Zhaohui Chi Fengming Hui Teng Li Xuying Liu Baogang Zhang Xiao Cheng Zhuoqi Chen Accuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery
description	Ice Pathfinder (Code: BNU-1), launched on 12 September 2019, is the first Chinese polar observation microsatellite. Its main payload is a wide-view camera with a ground resolution of 74 m at the subsatellite point and a scanning width of 744 km. BNU-1 takes into account the balance between spatial resolution and revisit frequency, providing observations with finer spatial resolution than Terra/Aqua MODIS data and more frequent revisits than Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI. It is a valuable supplement for polar observations. Geolocation is an essential step in satellite image processing. This study aims to geolocate BNU-1 images; this includes two steps. For the first step, a geometric calibration model is applied to transform the image coordinates to geographic coordinates. The images calibrated by the geometric model are the Level1A (L1A) product. Due to the inaccuracy of satellite attitude and orbit parameters, the geometric calibration model also exhibits errors, resulting in geolocation errors in the BNU-1 L1A product. Then, a geometric correction method is applied as the second step to find the control points (CPs) extracted from the BNU-1 L1A product and the corresponding MODIS images. These CPs are used to estimate and correct geolocation errors. The BNU-1 L1A product corrected by the geometric correction method is processed to the Level1B (L1B) product. Although the geometric correction method based on CPs has been widely used to correct the geolocation errors of visible remote sensing images, it is difficult to extract enough CPs from polar images due to the high reflectance of snow and ice. In this study, the geometric correction employs an image division and an image enhancement method to extract more CPs from the BNU-1 L1A products. The results indicate that the number of CPs extracted by the division and image enhancements increases by about 30% to 182%. Twenty-eight images of Antarctica and fifteen images of Arctic regions were evaluated to assess the performance of the geometric correction. The average geolocation error was reduced from 10 km to ~300 m. In general, this study presents the geolocation method, which could serve as a reference for the geolocation of other visible remote sensing images for polar observations.
format	article
author	Ying Zhang Zhaohui Chi Fengming Hui Teng Li Xuying Liu Baogang Zhang Xiao Cheng Zhuoqi Chen
author_facet	Ying Zhang Zhaohui Chi Fengming Hui Teng Li Xuying Liu Baogang Zhang Xiao Cheng Zhuoqi Chen
author_sort	Ying Zhang
title	Accuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery
title_short	Accuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery
title_full	Accuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery
title_fullStr	Accuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery
title_full_unstemmed	Accuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery
title_sort	accuracy evaluation on geolocation of the chinese first polar microsatellite (ice pathfinder) imagery
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/544806e85c7b418f95994df4336a0f30
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Accuracy Evaluation on Geolocation of the Chinese First Polar Microsatellite (Ice Pathfinder) Imagery

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