Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study

Abstract Background The current study used eye tracking to investigate attention and recognition memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a rare genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability, motor delays, and a high likelihood of comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social deficits...

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Autores principales:	Sylvia B. Guillory, Victoria Z. Baskett, Hannah E. Grosman, Christopher S. McLaughlin, Emily L. Isenstein, Emma Wilkinson, Jordana Weissman, Bari Britvan, M. Pilar Trelles, Danielle B. Halpern, Joseph D. Buxbaum, Paige M. Siper, A. Ting Wang, Alexander Kolevzon, Jennifer H. Foss-Feig
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Visual attention Autism spectrum disorder Recognition memory Phelan-McDermid syndrome Social processing Eye tracking Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/546406152b514a058f00e8e988fa9c1b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:546406152b514a058f00e8e988fa9c1b2021-12-05T12:04:16ZSocial visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study10.1186/s11689-021-09400-21866-19471866-1955https://doaj.org/article/546406152b514a058f00e8e988fa9c1b2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-021-09400-2https://doaj.org/toc/1866-1947https://doaj.org/toc/1866-1955Abstract Background The current study used eye tracking to investigate attention and recognition memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a rare genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability, motor delays, and a high likelihood of comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social deficits represent a core feature of ASD, including decreased propensity to orient to or show preference for social stimuli. Methods We used a visual paired-comparison task with both social and non-social images, assessing looking behavior to a novel image versus a previously viewed familiar image to characterize social attention and recognition memory in PMS (n = 22), idiopathic ASD (iASD, n = 38), and typically developing (TD) controls (n = 26). The idiopathic ASD cohort was divided into subgroups with intellectual disabilities (ID; developmental quotient < 70) and without (developmental quotient > 70) and the PMS group into those with and without a co-morbid ASD diagnosis. Results On measures of attention, the PMS group with a comorbid ASD diagnosis spent less time viewing the social images compared to non-social images; the rate of looking back and forth between images was lowest in the iASD with ID group. Furthermore, while all groups demonstrated intact recognition memory when novel non-social stimuli were initially presented (pre-switch), participants with PMS showed no preference during the post-switch memory presentation. In iASD, the group without ID, but not the group with ID, showed a novelty preference for social stimuli. Across indices, individuals with PMS and ASD performed more similarly to PMS without ASD and less similarly to the iASD group. Conclusion These findings demonstrate further evidence of differences in attention and memory for social stimuli in ASD and provide contrasts between iASD and PMS.Sylvia B. GuilloryVictoria Z. BaskettHannah E. GrosmanChristopher S. McLaughlinEmily L. IsensteinEmma WilkinsonJordana WeissmanBari BritvanM. Pilar TrellesDanielle B. HalpernJoseph D. BuxbaumPaige M. SiperA. Ting WangAlexander KolevzonJennifer H. Foss-FeigBMCarticleVisual attentionAutism spectrum disorderRecognition memoryPhelan-McDermid syndromeSocial processingEye trackingNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Visual attention Autism spectrum disorder Recognition memory Phelan-McDermid syndrome Social processing Eye tracking Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	Visual attention Autism spectrum disorder Recognition memory Phelan-McDermid syndrome Social processing Eye tracking Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Sylvia B. Guillory Victoria Z. Baskett Hannah E. Grosman Christopher S. McLaughlin Emily L. Isenstein Emma Wilkinson Jordana Weissman Bari Britvan M. Pilar Trelles Danielle B. Halpern Joseph D. Buxbaum Paige M. Siper A. Ting Wang Alexander Kolevzon Jennifer H. Foss-Feig Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study
description	Abstract Background The current study used eye tracking to investigate attention and recognition memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), a rare genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability, motor delays, and a high likelihood of comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social deficits represent a core feature of ASD, including decreased propensity to orient to or show preference for social stimuli. Methods We used a visual paired-comparison task with both social and non-social images, assessing looking behavior to a novel image versus a previously viewed familiar image to characterize social attention and recognition memory in PMS (n = 22), idiopathic ASD (iASD, n = 38), and typically developing (TD) controls (n = 26). The idiopathic ASD cohort was divided into subgroups with intellectual disabilities (ID; developmental quotient < 70) and without (developmental quotient > 70) and the PMS group into those with and without a co-morbid ASD diagnosis. Results On measures of attention, the PMS group with a comorbid ASD diagnosis spent less time viewing the social images compared to non-social images; the rate of looking back and forth between images was lowest in the iASD with ID group. Furthermore, while all groups demonstrated intact recognition memory when novel non-social stimuli were initially presented (pre-switch), participants with PMS showed no preference during the post-switch memory presentation. In iASD, the group without ID, but not the group with ID, showed a novelty preference for social stimuli. Across indices, individuals with PMS and ASD performed more similarly to PMS without ASD and less similarly to the iASD group. Conclusion These findings demonstrate further evidence of differences in attention and memory for social stimuli in ASD and provide contrasts between iASD and PMS.
format	article
author	Sylvia B. Guillory Victoria Z. Baskett Hannah E. Grosman Christopher S. McLaughlin Emily L. Isenstein Emma Wilkinson Jordana Weissman Bari Britvan M. Pilar Trelles Danielle B. Halpern Joseph D. Buxbaum Paige M. Siper A. Ting Wang Alexander Kolevzon Jennifer H. Foss-Feig
author_facet	Sylvia B. Guillory Victoria Z. Baskett Hannah E. Grosman Christopher S. McLaughlin Emily L. Isenstein Emma Wilkinson Jordana Weissman Bari Britvan M. Pilar Trelles Danielle B. Halpern Joseph D. Buxbaum Paige M. Siper A. Ting Wang Alexander Kolevzon Jennifer H. Foss-Feig
author_sort	Sylvia B. Guillory
title	Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study
title_short	Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study
title_full	Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study
title_fullStr	Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study
title_full_unstemmed	Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study
title_sort	social visual attentional engagement and memory in phelan-mcdermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/546406152b514a058f00e8e988fa9c1b
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Social visual attentional engagement and memory in Phelan-McDermid syndrome and autism spectrum disorder: a pilot eye tracking study

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