Gray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis

<i>Background and Objectives</i>. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is an idiopathic generalized epileptic syndrome, with a genetic basis clinically identified by myoclonic jerks of the upper limbs upon awaking, generalized tonic-clonic seizures and less frequent absences. Although the b...

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Autores principales:	Dimitrios Kazis, Foivos Petridis, Symela Chatzikonstantinou, Eleni Karantali, Rabee Jamali, Rumana Chowdhury, Raluca Duta, Alina-Costina Luca, Alin Ciobica, Ioannis Mavroudis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	VBM voxel-wise meta-analysis juvenile myoclonic epilepsy gray matter changes Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/546b969c7d9c410e97b0610e57b4a9a4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:546b969c7d9c410e97b0610e57b4a9a42021-11-25T18:17:55ZGray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis10.3390/medicina571111361648-91441010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/article/546b969c7d9c410e97b0610e57b4a9a42021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/57/11/1136https://doaj.org/toc/1010-660Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1648-9144<i>Background and Objectives</i>. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is an idiopathic generalized epileptic syndrome, with a genetic basis clinically identified by myoclonic jerks of the upper limbs upon awaking, generalized tonic-clonic seizures and less frequent absences. Although the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is by definition normal, computer-based Voxel-Based morphometry studies have shown a number of volumetric changes in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Thus, the aim of the present Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis was to determine the most consistent regional differences of gray matter volume between JME patients and healthy controls. <i>Materials and Methods.</i> The initial search returned 31 studies. After excluding reviews and studies without control groups or without detailed peak coordinates, 12 studies were finally included in the present meta-analysis. The total number of JME patients was 325, and that of healthy controls was 357. <i>Results.</i> Our study showed a statistically significant increase of the gray matter in the left median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, the right superior frontal gyrus, the left precentral gyrus, the right supplementary motor area and left supplementary motor area. It also showed a decrease in the gray matter volume in the left thalamus, and in the left insula. <i>Conclusions.</i> Our findings could be related to the functional deficits and changes described by previous studies in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. In this way, the volumetric changes found in the present study could be related to the impaired frontal lobe functions, the emotional dysfunction and impaired pain empathy, and to the disrupted functional connectivity of supplementary motor areas described in JME. It additionally shows changes in the volume of the left thalamus, supporting the theory of thalamocortical pathways being involved in the pathogenesis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.Dimitrios KazisFoivos PetridisSymela ChatzikonstantinouEleni KarantaliRabee JamaliRumana ChowdhuryRaluca DutaAlina-Costina LucaAlin CiobicaIoannis MavroudisMDPI AGarticleVBMvoxel-wise meta-analysisjuvenile myoclonic epilepsygray matter changesMedicine (General)R5-920ENMedicina, Vol 57, Iss 1136, p 1136 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	VBM voxel-wise meta-analysis juvenile myoclonic epilepsy gray matter changes Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	VBM voxel-wise meta-analysis juvenile myoclonic epilepsy gray matter changes Medicine (General) R5-920 Dimitrios Kazis Foivos Petridis Symela Chatzikonstantinou Eleni Karantali Rabee Jamali Rumana Chowdhury Raluca Duta Alina-Costina Luca Alin Ciobica Ioannis Mavroudis Gray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis
description	<i>Background and Objectives</i>. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is an idiopathic generalized epileptic syndrome, with a genetic basis clinically identified by myoclonic jerks of the upper limbs upon awaking, generalized tonic-clonic seizures and less frequent absences. Although the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is by definition normal, computer-based Voxel-Based morphometry studies have shown a number of volumetric changes in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Thus, the aim of the present Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis was to determine the most consistent regional differences of gray matter volume between JME patients and healthy controls. <i>Materials and Methods.</i> The initial search returned 31 studies. After excluding reviews and studies without control groups or without detailed peak coordinates, 12 studies were finally included in the present meta-analysis. The total number of JME patients was 325, and that of healthy controls was 357. <i>Results.</i> Our study showed a statistically significant increase of the gray matter in the left median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, the right superior frontal gyrus, the left precentral gyrus, the right supplementary motor area and left supplementary motor area. It also showed a decrease in the gray matter volume in the left thalamus, and in the left insula. <i>Conclusions.</i> Our findings could be related to the functional deficits and changes described by previous studies in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. In this way, the volumetric changes found in the present study could be related to the impaired frontal lobe functions, the emotional dysfunction and impaired pain empathy, and to the disrupted functional connectivity of supplementary motor areas described in JME. It additionally shows changes in the volume of the left thalamus, supporting the theory of thalamocortical pathways being involved in the pathogenesis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
format	article
author	Dimitrios Kazis Foivos Petridis Symela Chatzikonstantinou Eleni Karantali Rabee Jamali Rumana Chowdhury Raluca Duta Alina-Costina Luca Alin Ciobica Ioannis Mavroudis
author_facet	Dimitrios Kazis Foivos Petridis Symela Chatzikonstantinou Eleni Karantali Rabee Jamali Rumana Chowdhury Raluca Duta Alina-Costina Luca Alin Ciobica Ioannis Mavroudis
author_sort	Dimitrios Kazis
title	Gray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis
title_short	Gray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis
title_full	Gray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr	Gray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Gray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis
title_sort	gray matter changes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. a voxel-wise meta-analysis
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/546b969c7d9c410e97b0610e57b4a9a4
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Gray Matter Changes in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. A Voxel-Wise Meta-Analysis

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