Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel

The laser scanning parameters used in laser additive manufacturing (LAM) can impact the growth direction of the columnar grains produced during rapid solidification. This growth direction affects the mechanical properties of the manufactured parts after cladding. The effective use of a high laser po...

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Autores principales:	Chai Rongxia, Zhang Yapu, Zhong Bin, Zhang Chuanwei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	De Gruyter 2021
Materias:	laser additive manufacturing stainless steel laser scan speed the grain growth microstructural morphology dilution rate microhardness Technology T Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/54755e21e8c441cdb37af62da13a5e89
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:54755e21e8c441cdb37af62da13a5e89
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:54755e21e8c441cdb37af62da13a5e892021-12-05T14:11:03ZEffect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel1605-812710.1515/rams-2021-0068https://doaj.org/article/54755e21e8c441cdb37af62da13a5e892021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1515/rams-2021-0068https://doaj.org/toc/1605-8127The laser scanning parameters used in laser additive manufacturing (LAM) can impact the growth direction of the columnar grains produced during rapid solidification. This growth direction affects the mechanical properties of the manufactured parts after cladding. The effective use of a high laser power and a rapid scanning speed for LAM requires an accurate analysis of the relationships between the laser scanning process parameters and the grain growth direction and microstructural morphology of the scanned material. An experimental study was conducted to determine the macromorphology, microstructural morphology, and grain growth direction of 304 stainless steel material obtained during the laser scanning process at different scan speeds. The impact of the scan speed on different regions in the cladding layer (the clad zone (CZ), the heat affected zone (HAZ), and the dilution zone (DZ)) was determined, as well as on the direction of grain growth, the grain morphology and the grain size (which are the microstructures of the cladded materials), the degree of elemental mixing during laser scanning (which are changes in material composition of cladded material), and the microscopic hardness of the CZ (which is one of the mechanical properties of cladded material). With increasing scan speed, the CZ, HAZ, DZ, and dilution rate (DR) of the material gradually decreased, and grain growth gradually oriented towards the building direction of the cladding layer. At a 16 mm·s−1 scan speed, the angle between the grain growth direction and the scan direction was 84°. Changing the scan speed from 4 to 16 mm·s−1 caused the columnar grain size to gradually decrease from 13.3 to 9.2 μm and the corresponding microhardness to gradually increase.Chai RongxiaZhang YapuZhong BinZhang ChuanweiDe Gruyterarticlelaser additive manufacturingstainless steellaser scan speedthe grain growthmicrostructural morphologydilution ratemicrohardnessTechnologyTChemical technologyTP1-1185ENReviews on Advanced Materials Science, Vol 60, Iss 1, Pp 744-760 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	laser additive manufacturing stainless steel laser scan speed the grain growth microstructural morphology dilution rate microhardness Technology T Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	laser additive manufacturing stainless steel laser scan speed the grain growth microstructural morphology dilution rate microhardness Technology T Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chai Rongxia Zhang Yapu Zhong Bin Zhang Chuanwei Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel
description	The laser scanning parameters used in laser additive manufacturing (LAM) can impact the growth direction of the columnar grains produced during rapid solidification. This growth direction affects the mechanical properties of the manufactured parts after cladding. The effective use of a high laser power and a rapid scanning speed for LAM requires an accurate analysis of the relationships between the laser scanning process parameters and the grain growth direction and microstructural morphology of the scanned material. An experimental study was conducted to determine the macromorphology, microstructural morphology, and grain growth direction of 304 stainless steel material obtained during the laser scanning process at different scan speeds. The impact of the scan speed on different regions in the cladding layer (the clad zone (CZ), the heat affected zone (HAZ), and the dilution zone (DZ)) was determined, as well as on the direction of grain growth, the grain morphology and the grain size (which are the microstructures of the cladded materials), the degree of elemental mixing during laser scanning (which are changes in material composition of cladded material), and the microscopic hardness of the CZ (which is one of the mechanical properties of cladded material). With increasing scan speed, the CZ, HAZ, DZ, and dilution rate (DR) of the material gradually decreased, and grain growth gradually oriented towards the building direction of the cladding layer. At a 16 mm·s−1 scan speed, the angle between the grain growth direction and the scan direction was 84°. Changing the scan speed from 4 to 16 mm·s−1 caused the columnar grain size to gradually decrease from 13.3 to 9.2 μm and the corresponding microhardness to gradually increase.
format	article
author	Chai Rongxia Zhang Yapu Zhong Bin Zhang Chuanwei
author_facet	Chai Rongxia Zhang Yapu Zhong Bin Zhang Chuanwei
author_sort	Chai Rongxia
title	Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel
title_short	Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel
title_full	Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel
title_fullStr	Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel
title_sort	effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel
publisher	De Gruyter
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/54755e21e8c441cdb37af62da13a5e89
work_keys_str_mv	AT chairongxia effectofscanspeedongrainandmicrostructuralmorphologyforlaseradditivemanufacturingof304stainlesssteel AT zhangyapu effectofscanspeedongrainandmicrostructuralmorphologyforlaseradditivemanufacturingof304stainlesssteel AT zhongbin effectofscanspeedongrainandmicrostructuralmorphologyforlaseradditivemanufacturingof304stainlesssteel AT zhangchuanwei effectofscanspeedongrainandmicrostructuralmorphologyforlaseradditivemanufacturingof304stainlesssteel
_version_	1718371420396847104

Effect of scan speed on grain and microstructural morphology for laser additive manufacturing of 304 stainless steel

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