Lifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions

During their lifespan, many women are exposed to pain in the pelvis in relation to menstruation and pregnancy. Such pelvic pain is often considered normal and inherently linked to being a woman, which in turn leads to insufficiently offered treatment for treatable aspects related to their pain exper...

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Autores principales:	Annelie Gutke, Karin Sundfeldt, Liesbet De Baets
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	chronic pelvic pain endometriosis pelvic girdle pain lifestyle factors pain management physical activity/exercise Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/547defe96ccd4fb997aded21d9ff8ad5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:547defe96ccd4fb997aded21d9ff8ad52021-11-25T18:02:25ZLifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions10.3390/jcm102253972077-0383https://doaj.org/article/547defe96ccd4fb997aded21d9ff8ad52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/22/5397https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0383During their lifespan, many women are exposed to pain in the pelvis in relation to menstruation and pregnancy. Such pelvic pain is often considered normal and inherently linked to being a woman, which in turn leads to insufficiently offered treatment for treatable aspects related to their pain experience. Nonetheless, severe dysmenorrhea (pain during menstruation) as seen in endometriosis and pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain, have a high impact on daily activities, school attendance and work ability. In the context of any type of chronic pain, accumulating evidence shows that an unhealthy lifestyle is associated with pain development and pain severity. Furthermore, unhealthy lifestyle habits are a suggested perpetuating factor of chronic pain. This is of specific relevance during lifespan, since a low physical activity level, poor sleep, or periods of (di)stress are all common in challenging periods of women’s lives (e.g., during menstruation, during pregnancy, in the postpartum period). This state-of-the-art paper aims to review the role of lifestyle factors on pain in the pelvis, and the added value of a lifestyle intervention on pain in women with pelvic pain. Based on the current evidence, the benefits of physical activity and exercise for women with pain in the pelvis are supported to some extent. The available evidence on lifestyle factors such as sleep, (di)stress, diet, and tobacco/alcohol use is, however, inconclusive. Very few studies are available, and the studies which are available are of general low quality. Since the role of lifestyle on the development and maintenance of pain in the pelvis, and the value of lifestyle interventions for women with pain in the pelvis are currently poorly studied, a research agenda is presented. There are a number of rationales to study the effect of promoting a healthy lifestyle (early) in a woman’s life with regard to the prevention and management of pain in the pelvis. Indeed, lifestyle interventions might have, amongst others, anti-inflammatory, stress-reducing and/or sleep-improving effects, which might positively affect the experience of pain. Research to disentangle the relationship between lifestyle factors, such as physical activity level, sleep, diet, smoking, and psychological distress, and the experience of pain in the pelvis is, therefore, needed. Studies which address the development of management strategies for adapting lifestyles that are specifically tailored to women with pain in the pelvis, and as such take hormonal status, life events and context, into account, are required. Towards clinicians, we suggest making use of the window of opportunity to prevent a potential transition from localized or periodic pain in the pelvis (e.g., dysmenorrhea or pain during pregnancy and after delivery) towards persistent chronic pain, by promoting a healthy lifestyle and applying appropriate pain management.Annelie GutkeKarin SundfeldtLiesbet De BaetsMDPI AGarticlechronic pelvic painendometriosispelvic girdle painlifestyle factorspain managementphysical activity/exerciseMedicineRENJournal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 5397, p 5397 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chronic pelvic pain endometriosis pelvic girdle pain lifestyle factors pain management physical activity/exercise Medicine R
spellingShingle	chronic pelvic pain endometriosis pelvic girdle pain lifestyle factors pain management physical activity/exercise Medicine R Annelie Gutke Karin Sundfeldt Liesbet De Baets Lifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions
description	During their lifespan, many women are exposed to pain in the pelvis in relation to menstruation and pregnancy. Such pelvic pain is often considered normal and inherently linked to being a woman, which in turn leads to insufficiently offered treatment for treatable aspects related to their pain experience. Nonetheless, severe dysmenorrhea (pain during menstruation) as seen in endometriosis and pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain, have a high impact on daily activities, school attendance and work ability. In the context of any type of chronic pain, accumulating evidence shows that an unhealthy lifestyle is associated with pain development and pain severity. Furthermore, unhealthy lifestyle habits are a suggested perpetuating factor of chronic pain. This is of specific relevance during lifespan, since a low physical activity level, poor sleep, or periods of (di)stress are all common in challenging periods of women’s lives (e.g., during menstruation, during pregnancy, in the postpartum period). This state-of-the-art paper aims to review the role of lifestyle factors on pain in the pelvis, and the added value of a lifestyle intervention on pain in women with pelvic pain. Based on the current evidence, the benefits of physical activity and exercise for women with pain in the pelvis are supported to some extent. The available evidence on lifestyle factors such as sleep, (di)stress, diet, and tobacco/alcohol use is, however, inconclusive. Very few studies are available, and the studies which are available are of general low quality. Since the role of lifestyle on the development and maintenance of pain in the pelvis, and the value of lifestyle interventions for women with pain in the pelvis are currently poorly studied, a research agenda is presented. There are a number of rationales to study the effect of promoting a healthy lifestyle (early) in a woman’s life with regard to the prevention and management of pain in the pelvis. Indeed, lifestyle interventions might have, amongst others, anti-inflammatory, stress-reducing and/or sleep-improving effects, which might positively affect the experience of pain. Research to disentangle the relationship between lifestyle factors, such as physical activity level, sleep, diet, smoking, and psychological distress, and the experience of pain in the pelvis is, therefore, needed. Studies which address the development of management strategies for adapting lifestyles that are specifically tailored to women with pain in the pelvis, and as such take hormonal status, life events and context, into account, are required. Towards clinicians, we suggest making use of the window of opportunity to prevent a potential transition from localized or periodic pain in the pelvis (e.g., dysmenorrhea or pain during pregnancy and after delivery) towards persistent chronic pain, by promoting a healthy lifestyle and applying appropriate pain management.
format	article
author	Annelie Gutke Karin Sundfeldt Liesbet De Baets
author_facet	Annelie Gutke Karin Sundfeldt Liesbet De Baets
author_sort	Annelie Gutke
title	Lifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions
title_short	Lifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions
title_full	Lifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions
title_fullStr	Lifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions
title_full_unstemmed	Lifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions
title_sort	lifestyle and chronic pain in the pelvis: state of the art and future directions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/547defe96ccd4fb997aded21d9ff8ad5
work_keys_str_mv	AT anneliegutke lifestyleandchronicpaininthepelvisstateoftheartandfuturedirections AT karinsundfeldt lifestyleandchronicpaininthepelvisstateoftheartandfuturedirections AT liesbetdebaets lifestyleandchronicpaininthepelvisstateoftheartandfuturedirections
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Lifestyle and Chronic Pain in the Pelvis: State of the Art and Future Directions

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