Facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes

Abstract The precise mechanisms underlying cranial bone development, evolution and patterning remain incompletely characterised. This poses a challenge to understanding the etiologies of craniofacial malformations evolving in nature. Capitalising on natural variation, “evolutionary model systems” pr...

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Autores principales:	Amanda K. Powers, Shane A. Kaplan, Tyler E. Boggs, Joshua B. Gross
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/54ac9f9edec24e57ad72fb8c90c5849b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:54ac9f9edec24e57ad72fb8c90c5849b2021-12-02T12:32:10ZFacial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes10.1038/s41598-018-25107-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/54ac9f9edec24e57ad72fb8c90c5849b2018-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25107-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The precise mechanisms underlying cranial bone development, evolution and patterning remain incompletely characterised. This poses a challenge to understanding the etiologies of craniofacial malformations evolving in nature. Capitalising on natural variation, “evolutionary model systems” provide unique opportunities to identify underlying causes of aberrant phenotypes as a complement to studies in traditional systems. Mexican blind cavefish are a prime evolutionary model for cranial disorders since they frequently exhibit extreme alterations to the skull and lateral asymmetries. These aberrations occur in stark contrast to the normal cranial architectures of closely related surface-dwelling fish, providing a powerful comparative paradigm for understanding cranial bone formation. Using a longitudinal and in vivo analytical approach, we discovered two unusual ossification processes in cavefish that underlie the development of ‘fragmented’ and asymmetric cranial bones. The first mechanism involves the sporadic appearance of independent bony elements that fail to fuse together later in development. The second mechanism involves the “carving” of channels in the mature bone, a novel form of post-ossification remodeling. In the extreme cave environment, these novel mechanisms may have evolved to augment sensory input, and may indirectly result in a trade-off between sensory expansion and cranial bone development.Amanda K. PowersShane A. KaplanTyler E. BoggsJoshua B. GrossNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Amanda K. Powers Shane A. Kaplan Tyler E. Boggs Joshua B. Gross Facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes
description	Abstract The precise mechanisms underlying cranial bone development, evolution and patterning remain incompletely characterised. This poses a challenge to understanding the etiologies of craniofacial malformations evolving in nature. Capitalising on natural variation, “evolutionary model systems” provide unique opportunities to identify underlying causes of aberrant phenotypes as a complement to studies in traditional systems. Mexican blind cavefish are a prime evolutionary model for cranial disorders since they frequently exhibit extreme alterations to the skull and lateral asymmetries. These aberrations occur in stark contrast to the normal cranial architectures of closely related surface-dwelling fish, providing a powerful comparative paradigm for understanding cranial bone formation. Using a longitudinal and in vivo analytical approach, we discovered two unusual ossification processes in cavefish that underlie the development of ‘fragmented’ and asymmetric cranial bones. The first mechanism involves the sporadic appearance of independent bony elements that fail to fuse together later in development. The second mechanism involves the “carving” of channels in the mature bone, a novel form of post-ossification remodeling. In the extreme cave environment, these novel mechanisms may have evolved to augment sensory input, and may indirectly result in a trade-off between sensory expansion and cranial bone development.
format	article
author	Amanda K. Powers Shane A. Kaplan Tyler E. Boggs Joshua B. Gross
author_facet	Amanda K. Powers Shane A. Kaplan Tyler E. Boggs Joshua B. Gross
author_sort	Amanda K. Powers
title	Facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes
title_short	Facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes
title_full	Facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes
title_fullStr	Facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes
title_full_unstemmed	Facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes
title_sort	facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/54ac9f9edec24e57ad72fb8c90c5849b
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Facial bone fragmentation in blind cavefish arises through two unusual ossification processes

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