Biogas upgrade using modified natural clay

The pollutants in biogas reduce its calorific value and limit its application in machines by causing corrosion and wear in metallic parts. The commercial technologies of biogas upgrade are expensive for small digesters. Natural adsorbents present cost-effective and locally available materials for pu...

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Autores principales:	Elshaday Mulu, Milton M'Arimi, Rose c Ramkat, Ambrose Kiprop
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Activated adsorbent Adsorption isotherm Biogas upgrade Breakthrough curve Carbon dioxide removal Greenhouse emissions Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/54b7b758a8564306a48f23404400c019
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:54b7b758a8564306a48f23404400c0192021-11-20T05:13:23ZBiogas upgrade using modified natural clay2590-174510.1016/j.ecmx.2021.100134https://doaj.org/article/54b7b758a8564306a48f23404400c0192021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174521000593https://doaj.org/toc/2590-1745The pollutants in biogas reduce its calorific value and limit its application in machines by causing corrosion and wear in metallic parts. The commercial technologies of biogas upgrade are expensive for small digesters. Natural adsorbents present cost-effective and locally available materials for purification of biogas but the process has not been satisfactorily investigated for most materials. The current study for the first time compared upgrading of biogas by removing CO2 contaminants with clay through dry adsorption and wet carbonation processes. Natural and modified clay was characterized using X-ray fluorescence. Biogas composition was analysed using gas chromatography and digital biogas analyser. The adsorption equilibrium, kinetics isotherm and breakthrough curves of carbon dioxide removal were investigated using CAVS adsorption software. The optimum slurry temperature and clay/water ratio for CO2 uptake by carbonation process were 75 °C and 1:3 respectively. The carbonation process resulted in pH decrease from 9.2 to 6. Furthermore, activation of clay using 2 M NaOH decreased the silica to alumina (SiO2/Al2O3) ratio from 11.2 to 8.5 and enhanced the CO2 uptake by more than 5 folds. The equilibrium and the kinetics data of CO2 removal by carbonation process fitted best into Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-first order equation respectively. In addition, the breakthrough curves for column adsorption fitted best into Yan model. The highest CO2 uptake capacity for modified clay was 5.72 mmol/g. Furthermore, complete removal of hydrogen sulfide was achieved. The CO2 uptake decreased on increasing the ratio of adsorbent mass to biogas volume. However, the CO2 removal efficiency increased to maximum of 93.8% at 7 g/l ratio. Therefore, modified clay is a potential candidate for biogas purification.Elshaday MuluMilton M'ArimiRose c RamkatAmbrose KipropElsevierarticleActivated adsorbentAdsorption isothermBiogas upgradeBreakthrough curveCarbon dioxide removalGreenhouse emissionsEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040ENEnergy Conversion and Management: X, Vol 12, Iss , Pp 100134- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Activated adsorbent Adsorption isotherm Biogas upgrade Breakthrough curve Carbon dioxide removal Greenhouse emissions Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040
spellingShingle	Activated adsorbent Adsorption isotherm Biogas upgrade Breakthrough curve Carbon dioxide removal Greenhouse emissions Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Elshaday Mulu Milton M'Arimi Rose c Ramkat Ambrose Kiprop Biogas upgrade using modified natural clay
description	The pollutants in biogas reduce its calorific value and limit its application in machines by causing corrosion and wear in metallic parts. The commercial technologies of biogas upgrade are expensive for small digesters. Natural adsorbents present cost-effective and locally available materials for purification of biogas but the process has not been satisfactorily investigated for most materials. The current study for the first time compared upgrading of biogas by removing CO2 contaminants with clay through dry adsorption and wet carbonation processes. Natural and modified clay was characterized using X-ray fluorescence. Biogas composition was analysed using gas chromatography and digital biogas analyser. The adsorption equilibrium, kinetics isotherm and breakthrough curves of carbon dioxide removal were investigated using CAVS adsorption software. The optimum slurry temperature and clay/water ratio for CO2 uptake by carbonation process were 75 °C and 1:3 respectively. The carbonation process resulted in pH decrease from 9.2 to 6. Furthermore, activation of clay using 2 M NaOH decreased the silica to alumina (SiO2/Al2O3) ratio from 11.2 to 8.5 and enhanced the CO2 uptake by more than 5 folds. The equilibrium and the kinetics data of CO2 removal by carbonation process fitted best into Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-first order equation respectively. In addition, the breakthrough curves for column adsorption fitted best into Yan model. The highest CO2 uptake capacity for modified clay was 5.72 mmol/g. Furthermore, complete removal of hydrogen sulfide was achieved. The CO2 uptake decreased on increasing the ratio of adsorbent mass to biogas volume. However, the CO2 removal efficiency increased to maximum of 93.8% at 7 g/l ratio. Therefore, modified clay is a potential candidate for biogas purification.
format	article
author	Elshaday Mulu Milton M'Arimi Rose c Ramkat Ambrose Kiprop
author_facet	Elshaday Mulu Milton M'Arimi Rose c Ramkat Ambrose Kiprop
author_sort	Elshaday Mulu
title	Biogas upgrade using modified natural clay
title_short	Biogas upgrade using modified natural clay
title_full	Biogas upgrade using modified natural clay
title_fullStr	Biogas upgrade using modified natural clay
title_full_unstemmed	Biogas upgrade using modified natural clay
title_sort	biogas upgrade using modified natural clay
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/54b7b758a8564306a48f23404400c019
work_keys_str_mv	AT elshadaymulu biogasupgradeusingmodifiednaturalclay AT miltonmarimi biogasupgradeusingmodifiednaturalclay AT rosecramkat biogasupgradeusingmodifiednaturalclay AT ambrosekiprop biogasupgradeusingmodifiednaturalclay
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Biogas upgrade using modified natural clay

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