Nitrogen and Sulfur Additions Improved the Diversity of <i>nirK</i>- and <i>nirS</i>-Type Denitrifying Bacterial Communities of Farmland Soil
Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition can change above- and belowground biodiversity, including soil microbial diversity. The diversity of denitrifying microorganisms is of great significance to the calculation of the global nitrogen cycle and nitrogen flux. For a long time, <i>...
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| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/54ca754677b54596bfd52831b490ffdb |
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| Sumario: | Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) deposition can change above- and belowground biodiversity, including soil microbial diversity. The diversity of denitrifying microorganisms is of great significance to the calculation of the global nitrogen cycle and nitrogen flux. For a long time, <i>nirK</i> and <i>nirS</i> have been used as the functional genes to study denitrifying microorganisms, and have gradually become molecular markers for studying the composition and diversity of denitrifying bacteria. Here, three-time exposures to N and S applications (7, 30, and 60 days), were independently established. Additionally, the abundance, diversity, and structure of <i>nirK</i>- and <i>nirS</i>-type denitrifying communities were examined by sequencing analyses in response to three treatments, namely, N and S (T<sub>N/S</sub>), sodium chloride (T<sub>NaCl</sub>) and deionized water (pH = 7.0) (CK). Our results suggest that T<sub>N/S</sub> led to higher electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), nitrate nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N), and lower pH compared with T<sub>NaCl</sub> and CK, which affected the diversity of <i>nirK</i>- and <i>nirS</i>-type denitrifying bacterial communities. We also observed that the <i>nirK</i>-type denitrifying community demonstrated a higher sensitivity to N and S additions. Overall, our results are important for the understanding of nitrogen in soil and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions. |
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