Evaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria

Understanding of behavior, variability, and links between hydrological series is a key element for successful long-term water resources planning and management. In this study, various time-scale-based methods such as correlation and spectral analysis (CSA), cross wavelet (XWT), and wavelet coherence...

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Autores principales:	Bilel Zerouali, Mohamed Chettih, Mamdooh Alwetaishi, Zaki Abda, Ahmed Elbeltagi, Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos, Enas E. Hussein
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	spectral analysis wavelet coherence karst springs hydrogeological human activities Algeria Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/54d1e91d736640ad883a83472c9ab9d8
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:54d1e91d736640ad883a83472c9ab9d8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:54d1e91d736640ad883a83472c9ab9d82021-11-11T19:52:17ZEvaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria10.3390/w132129462073-4441https://doaj.org/article/54d1e91d736640ad883a83472c9ab9d82021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/21/2946https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Understanding of behavior, variability, and links between hydrological series is a key element for successful long-term water resources planning and management. In this study, various time-scale-based methods such as correlation and spectral analysis (CSA), cross wavelet (XWT), and wavelet coherence transform (WCT) were applied to assess the response of daily rainfall and karst spring discharge for the Sebaou River basin, which is located on Mediterranean basin in northern Algeria. The CSA revealed that the hydrogeological systems under study are characterized by various memory effect (small, poor, reduced, and extensive) with regularization times ranging from 5 to 50 day. XWT between rainfall and discharge time series indicates few marked disruptions in the spectra between the 1980s and 1990s corresponding to the dry period. The annual process is visible, dominant, and more amplified compared to the multi-annual fluctuations that characterize the 1-3- and 3–6-year modes, which explained the multi-annual regulation. The nonlinear relationship of the short-term components seems to be linked to the periods of storage (infiltration). Compared to the WCT components of 2–5, 26, and 52 weeks, there is a strong coherence for 102 weeks, which explains the long-term component, indicating a quasi-linearity of the rainfall-runoff relationship. According to the obtained results, the construction of more water resources structures is recommended to increase the water storage and improve the water supply due to the richness of the hydrographic network. On the other hand, the impacts of human activities on streamflow due to the looting of rocks and sands in the Sebaou River valleys have reached alarmingly high levels that require urgent intervention for the protection of water and ecological resources and their better rational use.Bilel ZeroualiMohamed ChettihMamdooh AlwetaishiZaki AbdaAhmed ElbeltagiCelso Augusto Guimarães SantosEnas E. HusseinMDPI AGarticlespectral analysiswavelet coherencekarst springshydrogeologicalhuman activitiesAlgeriaHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 2946, p 2946 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	spectral analysis wavelet coherence karst springs hydrogeological human activities Algeria Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	spectral analysis wavelet coherence karst springs hydrogeological human activities Algeria Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Bilel Zerouali Mohamed Chettih Mamdooh Alwetaishi Zaki Abda Ahmed Elbeltagi Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos Enas E. Hussein Evaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria
description	Understanding of behavior, variability, and links between hydrological series is a key element for successful long-term water resources planning and management. In this study, various time-scale-based methods such as correlation and spectral analysis (CSA), cross wavelet (XWT), and wavelet coherence transform (WCT) were applied to assess the response of daily rainfall and karst spring discharge for the Sebaou River basin, which is located on Mediterranean basin in northern Algeria. The CSA revealed that the hydrogeological systems under study are characterized by various memory effect (small, poor, reduced, and extensive) with regularization times ranging from 5 to 50 day. XWT between rainfall and discharge time series indicates few marked disruptions in the spectra between the 1980s and 1990s corresponding to the dry period. The annual process is visible, dominant, and more amplified compared to the multi-annual fluctuations that characterize the 1-3- and 3–6-year modes, which explained the multi-annual regulation. The nonlinear relationship of the short-term components seems to be linked to the periods of storage (infiltration). Compared to the WCT components of 2–5, 26, and 52 weeks, there is a strong coherence for 102 weeks, which explains the long-term component, indicating a quasi-linearity of the rainfall-runoff relationship. According to the obtained results, the construction of more water resources structures is recommended to increase the water storage and improve the water supply due to the richness of the hydrographic network. On the other hand, the impacts of human activities on streamflow due to the looting of rocks and sands in the Sebaou River valleys have reached alarmingly high levels that require urgent intervention for the protection of water and ecological resources and their better rational use.
format	article
author	Bilel Zerouali Mohamed Chettih Mamdooh Alwetaishi Zaki Abda Ahmed Elbeltagi Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos Enas E. Hussein
author_facet	Bilel Zerouali Mohamed Chettih Mamdooh Alwetaishi Zaki Abda Ahmed Elbeltagi Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos Enas E. Hussein
author_sort	Bilel Zerouali
title	Evaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria
title_short	Evaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria
title_full	Evaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria
title_fullStr	Evaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria
title_sort	evaluation of karst spring discharge response using time-scale-based methods for a mediterranean basin of northern algeria
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/54d1e91d736640ad883a83472c9ab9d8
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Evaluation of Karst Spring Discharge Response Using Time-Scale-Based Methods for a Mediterranean Basin of Northern Algeria

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