Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.

<h4>Background</h4>Early-life environmental variation affects gut microbial colonization and immune competence development; however, the timing and additional specifics of these processes are unknown. The impact of early-life environmental variations, as experienced under real life circu...

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Autores principales:	Dirkjan Schokker, Jing Zhang, Ling-Li Zhang, Stéphanie A Vastenhouw, Hans G H J Heilig, Hauke Smidt, Johanna M J Rebel, Mari A Smits
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/54d67d8313aa485d85f8b4f15fad14e2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:54d67d8313aa485d85f8b4f15fad14e22021-11-18T08:15:13ZEarly-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0100040https://doaj.org/article/54d67d8313aa485d85f8b4f15fad14e22014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24941112/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Early-life environmental variation affects gut microbial colonization and immune competence development; however, the timing and additional specifics of these processes are unknown. The impact of early-life environmental variations, as experienced under real life circumstances, on gut microbial colonization and immune development has not been studied extensively so far. We designed a study to investigate environmental variation, experienced early after birth, to gut microbial colonization and intestinal immune development.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>To investigate effects of early-life environmental changes, the piglets of 16 piglet litters were divided into 3 groups per litter and experimentally treated on day 4 after birth. During the course of the experiment, the piglets were kept with their mother sow. Group 1 was not treated, group 2 was treated with an antibiotic, and group 3 was treated with an antibiotic and simultaneously exposed to several routine, but stressful management procedures, including docking, clipping and weighing. Thereafter, treatment effects were measured at day 8 after birth in 16 piglets per treatment group by community-scale analysis of gut microbiota and genome-wide intestinal transcriptome profiling. We observed that the applied antibiotic treatment affected the composition and diversity of gut microbiota and reduced the expression of a large number of immune-related processes. The effect of management procedures on top of the use of an antibiotic was limited.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We provide direct evidence that different early-life conditions, specifically focusing on antibiotic treatment and exposure to stress, affect gut microbial colonization and intestinal immune development. This reinforces the notion that the early phase of life is critical for intestinal immune development, also under regular production circumstances.Dirkjan SchokkerJing ZhangLing-Li ZhangStéphanie A VastenhouwHans G H J HeiligHauke SmidtJohanna M J RebelMari A SmitsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 6, p e100040 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Dirkjan Schokker Jing Zhang Ling-Li Zhang Stéphanie A Vastenhouw Hans G H J Heilig Hauke Smidt Johanna M J Rebel Mari A Smits Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Early-life environmental variation affects gut microbial colonization and immune competence development; however, the timing and additional specifics of these processes are unknown. The impact of early-life environmental variations, as experienced under real life circumstances, on gut microbial colonization and immune development has not been studied extensively so far. We designed a study to investigate environmental variation, experienced early after birth, to gut microbial colonization and intestinal immune development.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>To investigate effects of early-life environmental changes, the piglets of 16 piglet litters were divided into 3 groups per litter and experimentally treated on day 4 after birth. During the course of the experiment, the piglets were kept with their mother sow. Group 1 was not treated, group 2 was treated with an antibiotic, and group 3 was treated with an antibiotic and simultaneously exposed to several routine, but stressful management procedures, including docking, clipping and weighing. Thereafter, treatment effects were measured at day 8 after birth in 16 piglets per treatment group by community-scale analysis of gut microbiota and genome-wide intestinal transcriptome profiling. We observed that the applied antibiotic treatment affected the composition and diversity of gut microbiota and reduced the expression of a large number of immune-related processes. The effect of management procedures on top of the use of an antibiotic was limited.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>We provide direct evidence that different early-life conditions, specifically focusing on antibiotic treatment and exposure to stress, affect gut microbial colonization and intestinal immune development. This reinforces the notion that the early phase of life is critical for intestinal immune development, also under regular production circumstances.
format	article
author	Dirkjan Schokker Jing Zhang Ling-Li Zhang Stéphanie A Vastenhouw Hans G H J Heilig Hauke Smidt Johanna M J Rebel Mari A Smits
author_facet	Dirkjan Schokker Jing Zhang Ling-Li Zhang Stéphanie A Vastenhouw Hans G H J Heilig Hauke Smidt Johanna M J Rebel Mari A Smits
author_sort	Dirkjan Schokker
title	Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.
title_short	Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.
title_full	Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.
title_fullStr	Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.
title_full_unstemmed	Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.
title_sort	early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/54d67d8313aa485d85f8b4f15fad14e2
work_keys_str_mv	AT dirkjanschokker earlylifeenvironmentalvariationaffectsintestinalmicrobiotaandimmunedevelopmentinnewbornpiglets AT jingzhang earlylifeenvironmentalvariationaffectsintestinalmicrobiotaandimmunedevelopmentinnewbornpiglets AT linglizhang earlylifeenvironmentalvariationaffectsintestinalmicrobiotaandimmunedevelopmentinnewbornpiglets AT stephanieavastenhouw earlylifeenvironmentalvariationaffectsintestinalmicrobiotaandimmunedevelopmentinnewbornpiglets AT hansghjheilig earlylifeenvironmentalvariationaffectsintestinalmicrobiotaandimmunedevelopmentinnewbornpiglets AT haukesmidt earlylifeenvironmentalvariationaffectsintestinalmicrobiotaandimmunedevelopmentinnewbornpiglets AT johannamjrebel earlylifeenvironmentalvariationaffectsintestinalmicrobiotaandimmunedevelopmentinnewbornpiglets AT mariasmits earlylifeenvironmentalvariationaffectsintestinalmicrobiotaandimmunedevelopmentinnewbornpiglets
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Early-life environmental variation affects intestinal microbiota and immune development in new-born piglets.

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