Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.

<h4>Introduction</h4>Authors of knowledge syntheses make many subjective decisions during their review process. Those decisions, which are guided in part by author characteristics, can impact the conduct and conclusions of knowledge syntheses, which assimilate much of the evidence base i...

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Autores principales:	Lauren A Maggio, Anton Ninkov, Joseph A Costello, Erik W Driessen, Anthony R Artino
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/55090938cd7a4049930574f60a17c9cd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:55090938cd7a4049930574f60a17c9cd2021-12-02T20:13:29ZKnowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0258925https://doaj.org/article/55090938cd7a4049930574f60a17c9cd2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258925https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>Authors of knowledge syntheses make many subjective decisions during their review process. Those decisions, which are guided in part by author characteristics, can impact the conduct and conclusions of knowledge syntheses, which assimilate much of the evidence base in medical education. To better understand the evidence base, this study describes the characteristics of knowledge synthesis authors, focusing on gender, geography, and institution.<h4>Methods</h4>In 2020, the authors conducted meta-research to examine authors of 963 knowledge syntheses published between 1999 and 2019 in 14 core medical education journals.<h4>Results</h4>The authors identified 4,110 manuscript authors across all authorship positions. On average there were 4.3 authors per knowledge synthesis (SD = 2.51, Median = 4, Range = 1-22); 79 knowledge syntheses (8%) were single-author publications. Over time, the average number of authors per synthesis increased (M = 1.80 in 1999; M = 5.34 in 2019). Knowledge syntheses were authored by slightly more females (n = 2047; 50.5%) than males (n = 2005; 49.5%) across all author positions. Authors listed affiliations in 58 countries, and 58 knowledge syntheses (6%) included authors from low- or middle-income countries. Authors from the United States (n = 366; 38%), Canada (n = 233; 24%), and the United Kingdom (n = 180; 19%) published the most knowledge syntheses. Authors listed affiliation at 617 unique institutions, and first authors represented 362 unique institutions with greatest representation from University of Toronto (n = 55, 6%). Across all authorship positions, the large majority of knowledge syntheses (n = 753; 78%) included authors from institutions ranked in the top 200 globally.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Knowledge synthesis author teams have grown over the past 20 years, and while there is near gender parity across all author positions, authorship has been dominated by North American researchers located at highly ranked institutions. This suggests a potential overrepresentation of certain authors with particular characteristics, which may impact the conduct and conclusions of medical education knowledge syntheses.Lauren A MaggioAnton NinkovJoseph A CostelloErik W DriessenAnthony R ArtinoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e0258925 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lauren A Maggio Anton Ninkov Joseph A Costello Erik W Driessen Anthony R Artino Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.
description	<h4>Introduction</h4>Authors of knowledge syntheses make many subjective decisions during their review process. Those decisions, which are guided in part by author characteristics, can impact the conduct and conclusions of knowledge syntheses, which assimilate much of the evidence base in medical education. To better understand the evidence base, this study describes the characteristics of knowledge synthesis authors, focusing on gender, geography, and institution.<h4>Methods</h4>In 2020, the authors conducted meta-research to examine authors of 963 knowledge syntheses published between 1999 and 2019 in 14 core medical education journals.<h4>Results</h4>The authors identified 4,110 manuscript authors across all authorship positions. On average there were 4.3 authors per knowledge synthesis (SD = 2.51, Median = 4, Range = 1-22); 79 knowledge syntheses (8%) were single-author publications. Over time, the average number of authors per synthesis increased (M = 1.80 in 1999; M = 5.34 in 2019). Knowledge syntheses were authored by slightly more females (n = 2047; 50.5%) than males (n = 2005; 49.5%) across all author positions. Authors listed affiliations in 58 countries, and 58 knowledge syntheses (6%) included authors from low- or middle-income countries. Authors from the United States (n = 366; 38%), Canada (n = 233; 24%), and the United Kingdom (n = 180; 19%) published the most knowledge syntheses. Authors listed affiliation at 617 unique institutions, and first authors represented 362 unique institutions with greatest representation from University of Toronto (n = 55, 6%). Across all authorship positions, the large majority of knowledge syntheses (n = 753; 78%) included authors from institutions ranked in the top 200 globally.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Knowledge synthesis author teams have grown over the past 20 years, and while there is near gender parity across all author positions, authorship has been dominated by North American researchers located at highly ranked institutions. This suggests a potential overrepresentation of certain authors with particular characteristics, which may impact the conduct and conclusions of medical education knowledge syntheses.
format	article
author	Lauren A Maggio Anton Ninkov Joseph A Costello Erik W Driessen Anthony R Artino
author_facet	Lauren A Maggio Anton Ninkov Joseph A Costello Erik W Driessen Anthony R Artino
author_sort	Lauren A Maggio
title	Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.
title_short	Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.
title_full	Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.
title_fullStr	Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.
title_full_unstemmed	Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.
title_sort	knowledge syntheses in medical education: meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/55090938cd7a4049930574f60a17c9cd
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Knowledge syntheses in medical education: Meta-research examining author gender, geographic location, and institutional affiliation.

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