Influence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station

The Moon provides a long-term, stable, and unique location for Earth observation. Several space agencies, such as NASA, ESA, and CNSA, have conducted lunar explorations. To build a Moon-based observation station, site selection is the first step. The time coverage of Earth observation, e.g., the who...

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Autores principales:	Guoqiang Chen, Huadong Guo, Yixing Ding, Haolu Shang, Mingyang Lv, Ke Zhang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Moon-based observation station Earth observation sun light fuzzy evaluation Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/550a739b32a2411daf6f810976762a27
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:550a739b32a2411daf6f810976762a272021-11-11T19:11:01ZInfluence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station10.3390/s212171981424-8220https://doaj.org/article/550a739b32a2411daf6f810976762a272021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7198https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220The Moon provides a long-term, stable, and unique location for Earth observation. Several space agencies, such as NASA, ESA, and CNSA, have conducted lunar explorations. To build a Moon-based observation station, site selection is the first step. The time coverage of Earth observation, e.g., the whole Earth disc observation or Earth-related plasmasphere and magnetosphere, the duration of sunlight coverage, and topography (i.e., slope) are the three major factors influencing site selection, especially in the Moon’s south pole region. In this study, we used the Chang’E digital elevation model (DEM) together with Earth, Moon, and Sun positions deduced from JPL ephemeris for site selection. Two craters, Faustini and Shoemaker, were chosen for the fuzzy evaluation of these three factors based on a multiple-input single-output (MISO) model during a 19-year period. The results show that the edge regions of craters and small hills, potholes, or uplifts inside craters are unsuitable for a Moon-based observation station. The south pole area, including these two craters, has relatively low time coverage of sunlight and some unevenly distributed, permanent shadow areas. This indicates a low thermal environment for radiation protection, whereas the relatively flat topography and the ability to cover a field of view several times the Earth’s radius enable observations of the plasmasphere and magnetosphere.Guoqiang ChenHuadong GuoYixing DingHaolu ShangMingyang LvKe ZhangMDPI AGarticleMoon-based observation stationEarth observationsun lightfuzzy evaluationChemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7198, p 7198 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Moon-based observation station Earth observation sun light fuzzy evaluation Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	Moon-based observation station Earth observation sun light fuzzy evaluation Chemical technology TP1-1185 Guoqiang Chen Huadong Guo Yixing Ding Haolu Shang Mingyang Lv Ke Zhang Influence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station
description	The Moon provides a long-term, stable, and unique location for Earth observation. Several space agencies, such as NASA, ESA, and CNSA, have conducted lunar explorations. To build a Moon-based observation station, site selection is the first step. The time coverage of Earth observation, e.g., the whole Earth disc observation or Earth-related plasmasphere and magnetosphere, the duration of sunlight coverage, and topography (i.e., slope) are the three major factors influencing site selection, especially in the Moon’s south pole region. In this study, we used the Chang’E digital elevation model (DEM) together with Earth, Moon, and Sun positions deduced from JPL ephemeris for site selection. Two craters, Faustini and Shoemaker, were chosen for the fuzzy evaluation of these three factors based on a multiple-input single-output (MISO) model during a 19-year period. The results show that the edge regions of craters and small hills, potholes, or uplifts inside craters are unsuitable for a Moon-based observation station. The south pole area, including these two craters, has relatively low time coverage of sunlight and some unevenly distributed, permanent shadow areas. This indicates a low thermal environment for radiation protection, whereas the relatively flat topography and the ability to cover a field of view several times the Earth’s radius enable observations of the plasmasphere and magnetosphere.
format	article
author	Guoqiang Chen Huadong Guo Yixing Ding Haolu Shang Mingyang Lv Ke Zhang
author_facet	Guoqiang Chen Huadong Guo Yixing Ding Haolu Shang Mingyang Lv Ke Zhang
author_sort	Guoqiang Chen
title	Influence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station
title_short	Influence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station
title_full	Influence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station
title_fullStr	Influence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station
title_full_unstemmed	Influence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station
title_sort	influence of topography on the site selection of a moon-based earth observation station
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/550a739b32a2411daf6f810976762a27
work_keys_str_mv	AT guoqiangchen influenceoftopographyonthesiteselectionofamoonbasedearthobservationstation AT huadongguo influenceoftopographyonthesiteselectionofamoonbasedearthobservationstation AT yixingding influenceoftopographyonthesiteselectionofamoonbasedearthobservationstation AT haolushang influenceoftopographyonthesiteselectionofamoonbasedearthobservationstation AT mingyanglv influenceoftopographyonthesiteselectionofamoonbasedearthobservationstation AT kezhang influenceoftopographyonthesiteselectionofamoonbasedearthobservationstation
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Influence of Topography on the Site Selection of a Moon-Based Earth Observation Station

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