Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) created a global pandemic (COVID-19) that has resulted in massive health and economic losses. The current unavailability of treatments leaves vaccination as the only way to control this disease. There are four vaccines (Sinopharm, Pfizer—B...

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Autor principal:	Muhammad Nauman Zahid
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	COVID-19 vaccines side effects Pfizer AstraZeneca Sinopharm Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/552657f49ced4b6e99cac8b5592d1455
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:552657f49ced4b6e99cac8b5592d14552021-11-25T19:11:42ZUnfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study10.3390/vaccines91113692076-393Xhttps://doaj.org/article/552657f49ced4b6e99cac8b5592d14552021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/11/1369https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393XSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) created a global pandemic (COVID-19) that has resulted in massive health and economic losses. The current unavailability of treatments leaves vaccination as the only way to control this disease. There are four vaccines (Sinopharm, Pfizer—BioNTech, Sputnik, and AstraZeneca) available in Bahrain. This project aimed to study the most common side effects resulting from the first and second doses of these four vaccines. Data were collected through an online questionnaire answered by 311 individuals who received both doses of one of these four vaccines. The results of this study revealed that regardless of the vaccine identity, participants experienced more side effects from the second dose. Among the different side effects, pain at the site of injection was primarily observed after the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine (43%), which was followed by the AstraZeneca vaccine (31%). Moreover, fever was observed in participants after the first dose of the Sputnik vaccine (37%), while headache was mainly observed after the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine (32%). It is important to note that fatigue was observed after the first dose of all four vaccines but was reported by the highest proportion of respondents in the Pfizer group (28%). Interestingly, there are some side effects, such as pain at the site of injection, that are correlated with fever (<i>r</i> = 0.909). Similarly, headache is correlated with fever (<i>r</i> = 0.801) and pain at the site of injection (<i>r</i> = 0.868). Overall, it was observed that recipients of the Sinopharm vaccine reported the mildest side effects among all four vaccines. The crucial finding of this study is that the first and second dosage post-vaccination side effects were modest and predictable with no occurrences of hospitalization; this information can assist in lessening vaccine apprehension.Muhammad Nauman ZahidMDPI AGarticleCOVID-19vaccinesside effectsPfizerAstraZenecaSinopharmMedicineRENVaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1369, p 1369 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	COVID-19 vaccines side effects Pfizer AstraZeneca Sinopharm Medicine R
spellingShingle	COVID-19 vaccines side effects Pfizer AstraZeneca Sinopharm Medicine R Muhammad Nauman Zahid Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study
description	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) created a global pandemic (COVID-19) that has resulted in massive health and economic losses. The current unavailability of treatments leaves vaccination as the only way to control this disease. There are four vaccines (Sinopharm, Pfizer—BioNTech, Sputnik, and AstraZeneca) available in Bahrain. This project aimed to study the most common side effects resulting from the first and second doses of these four vaccines. Data were collected through an online questionnaire answered by 311 individuals who received both doses of one of these four vaccines. The results of this study revealed that regardless of the vaccine identity, participants experienced more side effects from the second dose. Among the different side effects, pain at the site of injection was primarily observed after the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine (43%), which was followed by the AstraZeneca vaccine (31%). Moreover, fever was observed in participants after the first dose of the Sputnik vaccine (37%), while headache was mainly observed after the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine (32%). It is important to note that fatigue was observed after the first dose of all four vaccines but was reported by the highest proportion of respondents in the Pfizer group (28%). Interestingly, there are some side effects, such as pain at the site of injection, that are correlated with fever (<i>r</i> = 0.909). Similarly, headache is correlated with fever (<i>r</i> = 0.801) and pain at the site of injection (<i>r</i> = 0.868). Overall, it was observed that recipients of the Sinopharm vaccine reported the mildest side effects among all four vaccines. The crucial finding of this study is that the first and second dosage post-vaccination side effects were modest and predictable with no occurrences of hospitalization; this information can assist in lessening vaccine apprehension.
format	article
author	Muhammad Nauman Zahid
author_facet	Muhammad Nauman Zahid
author_sort	Muhammad Nauman Zahid
title	Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_short	Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full	Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr	Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed	Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort	unfolding the mild to moderate short-term side effects of four covid-19 vaccines used in bahrain: a cross-sectional study
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/552657f49ced4b6e99cac8b5592d1455
work_keys_str_mv	AT muhammadnaumanzahid unfoldingthemildtomoderateshorttermsideeffectsoffourcovid19vaccinesusedinbahrainacrosssectionalstudy
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Unfolding the Mild to Moderate Short-Term Side Effects of Four COVID-19 Vaccines Used in Bahrain: A Cross-Sectional Study

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