Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps

<p>Background</p><p>In Pakistan, many tuberculosis (TB) cases are not reported to the national surveillance system. An active case finding strategy in the form of conventional (simple) or innovative (infotainment) chest camps can contribute to diagnosing these missed cases.</p&g...

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Autores principales:	Muhammad Amir Khan, Shirin Anil, Maqsood Ahmed, Ali Athar, Abdul Ghafoor, Miranda Brouwer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2017
Materias:	active case finding tuberculosis chest camp number needed to screen Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/552f076199174d2eb84ab03da611175c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:552f076199174d2eb84ab03da611175c2021-12-02T07:30:14ZActive Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps2214-999610.1016/j.aogh.2016.07.001https://doaj.org/article/552f076199174d2eb84ab03da611175c2017-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/708https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996<p>Background</p><p>In Pakistan, many tuberculosis (TB) cases are not reported to the national surveillance system. An active case finding strategy in the form of conventional (simple) or innovative (infotainment) chest camps can contribute to diagnosing these missed cases.</p><p>Objective</p><p>To compare the yield in terms of TB patients detected at a simple chest camp (SCC) versus an infotainment chest camp (ICC) in rural areas.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A cluster randomized controlled trial with 2 parallel arms was conducted in 4 districts of Pakistan from June 2012 to May 2013. Rural neighborhoods (n = 318) were randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:3 to receive either SCC or ICC. Incidence of TB (all forms and sputum smear positive [SS+]) and number needed to screen (NNS) to diagnose 1 TB case were calculated. Cluster analysis was done according to intention to treat and risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.</p><p>Findings</p><p>A total of 3086 participants were tested at the SCC and 9029 at the ICC, of whom 38.5% were female. Mean age was 37.4 ± 15.9 years. Incidences of previously undiagnosed TB (all forms) for SCC and ICC were 23.6 (95% CI 20.04-27.4) and 22.1 (95% CI 20.3-24.1) per 100,000 population ('P' = .42), SS+ TB 22.5 (95% CI 19.3-26.1) and 21.6 (95% CI 19.8-23.6) ('P' = .67), respectively. NNS to diagnose 1 TB case were 260 (95% CI 234.3-289.6) and 258 (95% CI 233.3-287.9) for SCC and ICC, respectively ('P' = .9). RRs for all forms of TB and SS+ TB in SCC compared to ICC were 0.94 (95% CI 0.73-1.19) and 0.95 (95% CI 0.74-1.22) and 'P' values were .58 and .71, respectively.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Both types of chest camps are equally effective in active case finding of previously undiagnosed TB cases in rural areas in 2 provinces in Pakistan.Muhammad Amir KhanShirin AnilMaqsood AhmedAli AtharAbdul GhafoorMiranda BrouwerUbiquity Pressarticleactive case findingtuberculosischest campnumber needed to screenInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 82, Iss 5, Pp 813-818 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	active case finding tuberculosis chest camp number needed to screen Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	active case finding tuberculosis chest camp number needed to screen Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Muhammad Amir Khan Shirin Anil Maqsood Ahmed Ali Athar Abdul Ghafoor Miranda Brouwer Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps
description	<p>Background</p><p>In Pakistan, many tuberculosis (TB) cases are not reported to the national surveillance system. An active case finding strategy in the form of conventional (simple) or innovative (infotainment) chest camps can contribute to diagnosing these missed cases.</p><p>Objective</p><p>To compare the yield in terms of TB patients detected at a simple chest camp (SCC) versus an infotainment chest camp (ICC) in rural areas.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A cluster randomized controlled trial with 2 parallel arms was conducted in 4 districts of Pakistan from June 2012 to May 2013. Rural neighborhoods (n = 318) were randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:3 to receive either SCC or ICC. Incidence of TB (all forms and sputum smear positive [SS+]) and number needed to screen (NNS) to diagnose 1 TB case were calculated. Cluster analysis was done according to intention to treat and risk ratio (RR), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.</p><p>Findings</p><p>A total of 3086 participants were tested at the SCC and 9029 at the ICC, of whom 38.5% were female. Mean age was 37.4 ± 15.9 years. Incidences of previously undiagnosed TB (all forms) for SCC and ICC were 23.6 (95% CI 20.04-27.4) and 22.1 (95% CI 20.3-24.1) per 100,000 population ('P' = .42), SS+ TB 22.5 (95% CI 19.3-26.1) and 21.6 (95% CI 19.8-23.6) ('P' = .67), respectively. NNS to diagnose 1 TB case were 260 (95% CI 234.3-289.6) and 258 (95% CI 233.3-287.9) for SCC and ICC, respectively ('P' = .9). RRs for all forms of TB and SS+ TB in SCC compared to ICC were 0.94 (95% CI 0.73-1.19) and 0.95 (95% CI 0.74-1.22) and 'P' values were .58 and .71, respectively.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Both types of chest camps are equally effective in active case finding of previously undiagnosed TB cases in rural areas in 2 provinces in Pakistan.
format	article
author	Muhammad Amir Khan Shirin Anil Maqsood Ahmed Ali Athar Abdul Ghafoor Miranda Brouwer
author_facet	Muhammad Amir Khan Shirin Anil Maqsood Ahmed Ali Athar Abdul Ghafoor Miranda Brouwer
author_sort	Muhammad Amir Khan
title	Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps
title_short	Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps
title_full	Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps
title_fullStr	Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps
title_full_unstemmed	Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps
title_sort	active case finding of tuberculosis: randomized evaluation of simple and infotainment chest camps
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/552f076199174d2eb84ab03da611175c
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Active Case Finding of Tuberculosis: Randomized Evaluation of Simple and Infotainment Chest Camps

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