Effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms

Abstract Although fluoride has been widely used as a preventive agent for dental caries, the effects of fluoride on the activities of biofilms in different stages of cariogenic biofilm formation are less studied. This study was designed to investigate the antibiofilm activity of sodium fluoride duri...

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Autor principal:	Ye Han
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/55486dcb177048f2921b3a186d085f0d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:55486dcb177048f2921b3a186d085f0d2021-12-02T18:02:15ZEffects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms10.1038/s41598-021-97905-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/55486dcb177048f2921b3a186d085f0d2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97905-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Although fluoride has been widely used as a preventive agent for dental caries, the effects of fluoride on the activities of biofilms in different stages of cariogenic biofilm formation are less studied. This study was designed to investigate the antibiofilm activity of sodium fluoride during the early and mature stages of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm formation. S. mutans biofilms were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite disks. In the early (0–46 h) and mature (46–94 h) biofilm stages, the biofilms were treated with different concentrations of fluoride (250, 500, 1000, 2000 ppm; 5 times in total, 1 min/treatment). Acidogenicity, dry weight, colony-forming units (CFUs), water-soluble/insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs), and intracellular polysaccharides were analysed, and confocal laser scanning microscopy images were obtained of the two stages of biofilms to determine antibiofilm activities of fluoride at varying concentrations during the formation of early and mature biofilms. In the early stages of cariogenic biofilm formation, test groups with all fluoride concentrations significantly inhibited the growth of S. mutans biofilms. The antibiofilm and anti-EPS formation activities of the brief fluoride treatments increased with a concentration-dependent pattern. At the mature biofilm stage, only the 2000 ppm fluoride treatment group significantly inhibited biofilm accumulation, activity, and intracellular/extracellular polysaccharide content compared with those of the control and other fluoride treatment groups. The antimicrobial effect of fluoride treatment on the growth of S. mutans biofilms was linked with the stage of cariogenic biofilm formation. The inhibition of S. mutans biofilm growth by fluoride treatment was easier in the early formation stage than in the mature stage. Fluoride treatment in the early stage of cariogenic biofilm formation may be an effective approach to controlling cariogenic biofilm development and preventing dental caries.Ye HanNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ye Han Effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms
description	Abstract Although fluoride has been widely used as a preventive agent for dental caries, the effects of fluoride on the activities of biofilms in different stages of cariogenic biofilm formation are less studied. This study was designed to investigate the antibiofilm activity of sodium fluoride during the early and mature stages of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm formation. S. mutans biofilms were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite disks. In the early (0–46 h) and mature (46–94 h) biofilm stages, the biofilms were treated with different concentrations of fluoride (250, 500, 1000, 2000 ppm; 5 times in total, 1 min/treatment). Acidogenicity, dry weight, colony-forming units (CFUs), water-soluble/insoluble extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs), and intracellular polysaccharides were analysed, and confocal laser scanning microscopy images were obtained of the two stages of biofilms to determine antibiofilm activities of fluoride at varying concentrations during the formation of early and mature biofilms. In the early stages of cariogenic biofilm formation, test groups with all fluoride concentrations significantly inhibited the growth of S. mutans biofilms. The antibiofilm and anti-EPS formation activities of the brief fluoride treatments increased with a concentration-dependent pattern. At the mature biofilm stage, only the 2000 ppm fluoride treatment group significantly inhibited biofilm accumulation, activity, and intracellular/extracellular polysaccharide content compared with those of the control and other fluoride treatment groups. The antimicrobial effect of fluoride treatment on the growth of S. mutans biofilms was linked with the stage of cariogenic biofilm formation. The inhibition of S. mutans biofilm growth by fluoride treatment was easier in the early formation stage than in the mature stage. Fluoride treatment in the early stage of cariogenic biofilm formation may be an effective approach to controlling cariogenic biofilm development and preventing dental caries.
format	article
author	Ye Han
author_facet	Ye Han
author_sort	Ye Han
title	Effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms
title_short	Effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms
title_full	Effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms
title_fullStr	Effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms
title_sort	effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/55486dcb177048f2921b3a186d085f0d
work_keys_str_mv	AT yehan effectsofbriefsodiumfluoridetreatmentsonthegrowthofearlyandmaturecariogenicbiofilms
_version_	1718378927194374144

Effects of brief sodium fluoride treatments on the growth of early and mature cariogenic biofilms

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