Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers

Although racism is increasingly being studied as an important contributor to racial health disparities, its relation to cancer-related outcomes among African Americans remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to help clarify the relation between two indicators of racism—perceived racial discri...

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Autores principales:	Lynn N. Ibekwe, Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer, Sandi L. Pruitt, Nalini Ranjit, Maria E. Fernández
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cancer screening racial discrimination racial residential segregation racism African Americans critical race theory Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5564a26034bd4f2485ce756d8745c263
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5564a26034bd4f2485ce756d8745c2632021-11-11T16:24:59ZRacism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers10.3390/ijerph1821112671660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/5564a26034bd4f2485ce756d8745c2632021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11267https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601Although racism is increasingly being studied as an important contributor to racial health disparities, its relation to cancer-related outcomes among African Americans remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to help clarify the relation between two indicators of racism—perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation—and cancer screening. We conducted a multilevel, longitudinal study among a medically underserved population of African Americans in Texas. We assessed discrimination using the Experiences of Discrimination Scale and segregation using the Location Quotient for Racial Residential Segregation. The outcome examined was “any cancer screening completion” (Pap test, mammography, and/or colorectal cancer screening) at follow-up (3–10 months post-baseline). We tested hypothesized relations using multilevel logistic regression. We also conducted interaction and stratified analyses to explore whether discrimination modified the relation between segregation and screening completion. We found a significant positive relation between discrimination and screening and a non-significant negative relation between segregation and screening. Preliminary evidence suggests that discrimination modifies the relation between segregation and screening. Racism has a nuanced association with cancer screening among African Americans. Perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation should be considered jointly, rather than independently, to better understand their influence on cancer screening behavior.Lynn N. IbekweMaria Eugenia Fernández-EsquerSandi L. PruittNalini RanjitMaria E. FernándezMDPI AGarticlecancer screeningracial discriminationracial residential segregationracismAfrican Americanscritical race theoryMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11267, p 11267 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cancer screening racial discrimination racial residential segregation racism African Americans critical race theory Medicine R
spellingShingle	cancer screening racial discrimination racial residential segregation racism African Americans critical race theory Medicine R Lynn N. Ibekwe Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer Sandi L. Pruitt Nalini Ranjit Maria E. Fernández Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers
description	Although racism is increasingly being studied as an important contributor to racial health disparities, its relation to cancer-related outcomes among African Americans remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to help clarify the relation between two indicators of racism—perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation—and cancer screening. We conducted a multilevel, longitudinal study among a medically underserved population of African Americans in Texas. We assessed discrimination using the Experiences of Discrimination Scale and segregation using the Location Quotient for Racial Residential Segregation. The outcome examined was “any cancer screening completion” (Pap test, mammography, and/or colorectal cancer screening) at follow-up (3–10 months post-baseline). We tested hypothesized relations using multilevel logistic regression. We also conducted interaction and stratified analyses to explore whether discrimination modified the relation between segregation and screening completion. We found a significant positive relation between discrimination and screening and a non-significant negative relation between segregation and screening. Preliminary evidence suggests that discrimination modifies the relation between segregation and screening. Racism has a nuanced association with cancer screening among African Americans. Perceived racial discrimination and racial residential segregation should be considered jointly, rather than independently, to better understand their influence on cancer screening behavior.
format	article
author	Lynn N. Ibekwe Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer Sandi L. Pruitt Nalini Ranjit Maria E. Fernández
author_facet	Lynn N. Ibekwe Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer Sandi L. Pruitt Nalini Ranjit Maria E. Fernández
author_sort	Lynn N. Ibekwe
title	Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers
title_short	Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers
title_full	Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers
title_fullStr	Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers
title_full_unstemmed	Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers
title_sort	racism and cancer screening among low-income, african american women: a multilevel, longitudinal analysis of 2-1-1 texas callers
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5564a26034bd4f2485ce756d8745c263
work_keys_str_mv	AT lynnnibekwe racismandcancerscreeningamonglowincomeafricanamericanwomenamultilevellongitudinalanalysisof211texascallers AT mariaeugeniafernandezesquer racismandcancerscreeningamonglowincomeafricanamericanwomenamultilevellongitudinalanalysisof211texascallers AT sandilpruitt racismandcancerscreeningamonglowincomeafricanamericanwomenamultilevellongitudinalanalysisof211texascallers AT naliniranjit racismandcancerscreeningamonglowincomeafricanamericanwomenamultilevellongitudinalanalysisof211texascallers AT mariaefernandez racismandcancerscreeningamonglowincomeafricanamericanwomenamultilevellongitudinalanalysisof211texascallers
_version_	1718432354509258752

Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers

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