Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.

Nodding syndrome (NS) is a catastrophic and enigmatic childhood epilepsy, accompanied by multiple neurological impairments and neuroinflammation. Of all the infectious, environmental and psychological factors associated with NS, the major culprit is Onchocerca Volvulus (Ov)-a parasitic worm transmit...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Gil Benedek, Mahmoud Abed El Latif, Keren Miller, Mila Rivkin, Ally Ahmed Ramadhan Lasu, Lul P Riek, Richard Lako, Shimon Edvardson, Sagit Arbel-Alon, Eithan Galun, Mia Levite
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/557f7652636d45e0b7424ef0a1cccff7
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:557f7652636d45e0b7424ef0a1cccff7
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:557f7652636d45e0b7424ef0a1cccff72021-12-02T20:23:24ZMacrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009821https://doaj.org/article/557f7652636d45e0b7424ef0a1cccff72021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009821https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735Nodding syndrome (NS) is a catastrophic and enigmatic childhood epilepsy, accompanied by multiple neurological impairments and neuroinflammation. Of all the infectious, environmental and psychological factors associated with NS, the major culprit is Onchocerca Volvulus (Ov)-a parasitic worm transmitted to human by blackflies. NS seems to be an 'Autoimmune Epilepsy' in light of the recent findings of deleterious autoimmune antibodies to Glutamate receptors and to Leiomodin-I in NS patients. Moreover, we recently found immunogenetic fingerprints in HLA peptide-binding grooves associate with protection or susceptibility to NS. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an immune-regulatory cytokine playing a central role in modulating innate and adaptive immunity. MIF is also involved in various pathologies: infectious, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy and others. Herein, two functional polymorphisms in the MIF gene, a -794 CATT5-8 microsatellite repeat and a -173 G/C single-nucleotide polymorphism, were assessed in 49 NS patients and 51 healthy controls from South Sudan. We also measured MIF plasma levels in established NS patients and healthy controls. We discovered that the frequency of the high-expression MIF -173C containing genotype was significantly lower in NS patients compared to healthy controls. Interestingly however, MIF plasma levels were significantly elevated in NS patients than in healthy controls. We further demonstrated that the HLA protective and susceptibility associations are dominant over the MIF association with NS. Our findings suggest that MIF might have a dual role in NS. Genetically controlled high-expression MIF genotype is associated with disease protection. However, elevated MIF in the plasma may contribute to the detrimental autoimmunity, neuroinflammation and epilepsy.Gil BenedekMahmoud Abed El LatifKeren MillerMila RivkinAlly Ahmed Ramadhan LasuLul P RiekRichard LakoShimon EdvardsonSagit Arbel-AlonEithan GalunMia LevitePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 10, p e0009821 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Gil Benedek Mahmoud Abed El Latif Keren Miller Mila Rivkin Ally Ahmed Ramadhan Lasu Lul P Riek Richard Lako Shimon Edvardson Sagit Arbel-Alon Eithan Galun Mia Levite Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.
description	Nodding syndrome (NS) is a catastrophic and enigmatic childhood epilepsy, accompanied by multiple neurological impairments and neuroinflammation. Of all the infectious, environmental and psychological factors associated with NS, the major culprit is Onchocerca Volvulus (Ov)-a parasitic worm transmitted to human by blackflies. NS seems to be an 'Autoimmune Epilepsy' in light of the recent findings of deleterious autoimmune antibodies to Glutamate receptors and to Leiomodin-I in NS patients. Moreover, we recently found immunogenetic fingerprints in HLA peptide-binding grooves associate with protection or susceptibility to NS. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an immune-regulatory cytokine playing a central role in modulating innate and adaptive immunity. MIF is also involved in various pathologies: infectious, autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy and others. Herein, two functional polymorphisms in the MIF gene, a -794 CATT5-8 microsatellite repeat and a -173 G/C single-nucleotide polymorphism, were assessed in 49 NS patients and 51 healthy controls from South Sudan. We also measured MIF plasma levels in established NS patients and healthy controls. We discovered that the frequency of the high-expression MIF -173C containing genotype was significantly lower in NS patients compared to healthy controls. Interestingly however, MIF plasma levels were significantly elevated in NS patients than in healthy controls. We further demonstrated that the HLA protective and susceptibility associations are dominant over the MIF association with NS. Our findings suggest that MIF might have a dual role in NS. Genetically controlled high-expression MIF genotype is associated with disease protection. However, elevated MIF in the plasma may contribute to the detrimental autoimmunity, neuroinflammation and epilepsy.
format	article
author	Gil Benedek Mahmoud Abed El Latif Keren Miller Mila Rivkin Ally Ahmed Ramadhan Lasu Lul P Riek Richard Lako Shimon Edvardson Sagit Arbel-Alon Eithan Galun Mia Levite
author_facet	Gil Benedek Mahmoud Abed El Latif Keren Miller Mila Rivkin Ally Ahmed Ramadhan Lasu Lul P Riek Richard Lako Shimon Edvardson Sagit Arbel-Alon Eithan Galun Mia Levite
author_sort	Gil Benedek
title	Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.
title_short	Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.
title_full	Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.
title_fullStr	Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.
title_full_unstemmed	Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.
title_sort	macrophage migration inhibitory factor in nodding syndrome.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/557f7652636d45e0b7424ef0a1cccff7
work_keys_str_mv	AT gilbenedek macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT mahmoudabedellatif macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT kerenmiller macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT milarivkin macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT allyahmedramadhanlasu macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT lulpriek macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT richardlako macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT shimonedvardson macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT sagitarbelalon macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT eithangalun macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome AT mialevite macrophagemigrationinhibitoryfactorinnoddingsyndrome
_version_	1718374107201929216

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in Nodding syndrome.

Ejemplares similares