Formation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH

Actin dynamics plays a crucial role in regulating essential cell functions and thereby is largely responsible to a considerable extent for cellular energy consumption. Certain pathological conditions in humans, like neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis...

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Autores principales:	Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold, Sophie Kurzbach, Arzu S. Kinali, Annette Müller-Taubenberger
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	actin cofilin cytoskeleton cytoplasmic rod Dictyostelium discoideum intracellular pH Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5583527a7fef46ee8acfbe836df9465a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5583527a7fef46ee8acfbe836df9465a2021-11-17T05:02:11ZFormation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH2296-634X10.3389/fcell.2021.742310https://doaj.org/article/5583527a7fef46ee8acfbe836df9465a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.742310/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-634XActin dynamics plays a crucial role in regulating essential cell functions and thereby is largely responsible to a considerable extent for cellular energy consumption. Certain pathological conditions in humans, like neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as well as variants of nemaline myopathy are associated with cytoskeletal abnormalities, so-called actin-cofilin rods. Actin-cofilin rods are aggregates consisting mainly of actin and cofilin, which are formed as a result of cellular stress and thereby help to ensure the survival of cells under unfavorable conditions. We have used Dictyostelium discoideum, an established model system for cytoskeletal research to study formation and principles of cytoplasmic actin rod assembly in response to energy depletion. Experimentally, depletion of ATP was provoked by addition of either sodium azide, dinitrophenol, or 2-deoxy-glucose, and the formation of rod assembly was recorded by live-cell imaging. Furthermore, we show that hyperosmotic shock induces actin-cofilin rods, and that a drop in the intracellular pH accompanies this condition. Our data reveal that acidification of the cytoplasm can induce the formation of actin-cofilin rods to varying degrees and suggest that a local reduction in cellular pH may be a cause for the formation of cytoplasmic rods. We hypothesize that local phase separation mechanistically triggers the assembly of actin-cofilin rods and thereby influences the material properties of actin structures.Hellen C. Ishikawa-AnkerholdHellen C. Ishikawa-AnkerholdSophie KurzbachArzu S. KinaliAnnette Müller-TaubenbergerFrontiers Media S.A.articleactincofilincytoskeletoncytoplasmic rodDictyostelium discoideumintracellular pHBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENFrontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	actin cofilin cytoskeleton cytoplasmic rod Dictyostelium discoideum intracellular pH Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	actin cofilin cytoskeleton cytoplasmic rod Dictyostelium discoideum intracellular pH Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold Sophie Kurzbach Arzu S. Kinali Annette Müller-Taubenberger Formation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH
description	Actin dynamics plays a crucial role in regulating essential cell functions and thereby is largely responsible to a considerable extent for cellular energy consumption. Certain pathological conditions in humans, like neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as well as variants of nemaline myopathy are associated with cytoskeletal abnormalities, so-called actin-cofilin rods. Actin-cofilin rods are aggregates consisting mainly of actin and cofilin, which are formed as a result of cellular stress and thereby help to ensure the survival of cells under unfavorable conditions. We have used Dictyostelium discoideum, an established model system for cytoskeletal research to study formation and principles of cytoplasmic actin rod assembly in response to energy depletion. Experimentally, depletion of ATP was provoked by addition of either sodium azide, dinitrophenol, or 2-deoxy-glucose, and the formation of rod assembly was recorded by live-cell imaging. Furthermore, we show that hyperosmotic shock induces actin-cofilin rods, and that a drop in the intracellular pH accompanies this condition. Our data reveal that acidification of the cytoplasm can induce the formation of actin-cofilin rods to varying degrees and suggest that a local reduction in cellular pH may be a cause for the formation of cytoplasmic rods. We hypothesize that local phase separation mechanistically triggers the assembly of actin-cofilin rods and thereby influences the material properties of actin structures.
format	article
author	Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold Sophie Kurzbach Arzu S. Kinali Annette Müller-Taubenberger
author_facet	Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold Sophie Kurzbach Arzu S. Kinali Annette Müller-Taubenberger
author_sort	Hellen C. Ishikawa-Ankerhold
title	Formation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH
title_short	Formation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH
title_full	Formation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH
title_fullStr	Formation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH
title_full_unstemmed	Formation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH
title_sort	formation of cytoplasmic actin-cofilin rods is triggered by metabolic stress and changes in cellular ph
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5583527a7fef46ee8acfbe836df9465a
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Formation of Cytoplasmic Actin-Cofilin Rods is Triggered by Metabolic Stress and Changes in Cellular pH

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