Zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search

Abstract A number of studies have shown human subjects’ impressive ability to detect faces in individual images, with saccade reaction times starting as fast as 100 ms after stimulus onset. Here, we report evidence that humans can rapidly and continuously saccade towards single faces embedded in dif...

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Autores principales:	Jacob G. Martin, Charles E. Davis, Maximilian Riesenhuber, Simon J. Thorpe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/559c7c5903e749b8b5a9a3840ff37bb8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:559c7c5903e749b8b5a9a3840ff37bb82021-12-02T15:08:51ZZapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search10.1038/s41598-018-30245-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/559c7c5903e749b8b5a9a3840ff37bb82018-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30245-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A number of studies have shown human subjects’ impressive ability to detect faces in individual images, with saccade reaction times starting as fast as 100 ms after stimulus onset. Here, we report evidence that humans can rapidly and continuously saccade towards single faces embedded in different scenes at rates approaching 6 faces/scenes each second (including blinks and eye movement times). These observations are impressive, given that humans usually make no more than 2 to 5 saccades per second when searching a single scene with eye movements. Surprisingly, attempts to hide the faces by blending them into a large background scene had little effect on targeting rates, saccade reaction times, or targeting accuracy. Upright faces were found more quickly and more accurately than inverted faces; both with and without a cluttered background scene, and over a large range of eccentricities (4°–16°). The fastest subject in our study made continuous saccades to 500 small 3° upright faces at 4° eccentricities in only 96 seconds. The maximum face targeting rate ever achieved by any subject during any sequence of 7 faces during Experiment 3 for the no scene and upright face condition was 6.5 faces targeted/second. Our data provide evidence that the human visual system includes an ultra-rapid and continuous object localization system for upright faces. Furthermore, these observations indicate that continuous paradigms such as the one we have used can push humans to make remarkably fast reaction times that impose strong constraints and challenges on models of how, where, and when visual processing occurs in the human brain.Jacob G. MartinCharles E. DavisMaximilian RiesenhuberSimon J. ThorpeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jacob G. Martin Charles E. Davis Maximilian Riesenhuber Simon J. Thorpe Zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search
description	Abstract A number of studies have shown human subjects’ impressive ability to detect faces in individual images, with saccade reaction times starting as fast as 100 ms after stimulus onset. Here, we report evidence that humans can rapidly and continuously saccade towards single faces embedded in different scenes at rates approaching 6 faces/scenes each second (including blinks and eye movement times). These observations are impressive, given that humans usually make no more than 2 to 5 saccades per second when searching a single scene with eye movements. Surprisingly, attempts to hide the faces by blending them into a large background scene had little effect on targeting rates, saccade reaction times, or targeting accuracy. Upright faces were found more quickly and more accurately than inverted faces; both with and without a cluttered background scene, and over a large range of eccentricities (4°–16°). The fastest subject in our study made continuous saccades to 500 small 3° upright faces at 4° eccentricities in only 96 seconds. The maximum face targeting rate ever achieved by any subject during any sequence of 7 faces during Experiment 3 for the no scene and upright face condition was 6.5 faces targeted/second. Our data provide evidence that the human visual system includes an ultra-rapid and continuous object localization system for upright faces. Furthermore, these observations indicate that continuous paradigms such as the one we have used can push humans to make remarkably fast reaction times that impose strong constraints and challenges on models of how, where, and when visual processing occurs in the human brain.
format	article
author	Jacob G. Martin Charles E. Davis Maximilian Riesenhuber Simon J. Thorpe
author_facet	Jacob G. Martin Charles E. Davis Maximilian Riesenhuber Simon J. Thorpe
author_sort	Jacob G. Martin
title	Zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search
title_short	Zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search
title_full	Zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search
title_fullStr	Zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search
title_full_unstemmed	Zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search
title_sort	zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/559c7c5903e749b8b5a9a3840ff37bb8
work_keys_str_mv	AT jacobgmartin zapping500facesinlessthan100secondsevidenceforextremelyfastandsustainedcontinuousvisualsearch AT charlesedavis zapping500facesinlessthan100secondsevidenceforextremelyfastandsustainedcontinuousvisualsearch AT maximilianriesenhuber zapping500facesinlessthan100secondsevidenceforextremelyfastandsustainedcontinuousvisualsearch AT simonjthorpe zapping500facesinlessthan100secondsevidenceforextremelyfastandsustainedcontinuousvisualsearch
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Zapping 500 faces in less than 100 seconds: Evidence for extremely fast and sustained continuous visual search

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