Increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.

<h4>Background</h4>Cross-sectional serosurveys using IgG antibody to pertussis toxin (IgG-PT) are increasingly being used to estimate trends in recent infection independent of reporting biases.<h4>Methods/principal findings</h4>We compared the age-specific seroprevalence of v...

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Autores principales: Patricia Campbell, Peter McIntyre, Helen Quinn, Linda Hueston, Gwendolyn L Gilbert, Jodie McVernon
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Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:5612704bfa624496811a0ed99961195c2021-11-18T07:20:32ZIncreased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0035874https://doaj.org/article/5612704bfa624496811a0ed99961195c2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22558249/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Cross-sectional serosurveys using IgG antibody to pertussis toxin (IgG-PT) are increasingly being used to estimate trends in recent infection independent of reporting biases.<h4>Methods/principal findings</h4>We compared the age-specific seroprevalence of various levels of IgG-PT in cross-sectional surveys using systematic collections of residual sera from Australian diagnostic laboratories in 1997/8, 2002 and 2007 with reference to both changes in the pertussis vaccine schedule and the epidemic cycle, as measured by disease notifications. A progressive decline in high-level (≥62.5 EU/ml) IgG-PT prevalence from 19% (95% CI 16-22%) in 1997/98 to 12% (95% CI 11-14%) in 2002 and 5% (95% CI 4-6%) in 2007 was consistent with patterns of pertussis notifications in the year prior to each collection. Concomitantly, the overall prevalence of undetectable (<5 EU/ml) levels increased from 17% (95% CI 14-20%) in 1997/98 to 38% (95% CI 36-40%) in 2007 but among children aged 1-4 years, from 25% (95% CI 17-34%) in 1997/98 to 62% (95% CI 56-68%) in 2007. This change followed withdrawal of the 18-month booster dose in 2003 and preceded record pertussis notifications from 2008 onwards.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Population seroprevalence of high levels of IgG-PT is accepted as a reliable indicator of pertussis disease activity over time within and between countries with varying diagnostic practices, especially in unimmunised age groups. Our novel findings suggest that increased prevalence of undetectable IgG-PT is an indicator of waning immunity useful for population level monitoring following introduction of acellular vaccines and/or schedule changes.Patricia CampbellPeter McIntyreHelen QuinnLinda HuestonGwendolyn L GilbertJodie McVernonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 4, p e35874 (2012)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Patricia Campbell
Peter McIntyre
Helen Quinn
Linda Hueston
Gwendolyn L Gilbert
Jodie McVernon
Increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.
description <h4>Background</h4>Cross-sectional serosurveys using IgG antibody to pertussis toxin (IgG-PT) are increasingly being used to estimate trends in recent infection independent of reporting biases.<h4>Methods/principal findings</h4>We compared the age-specific seroprevalence of various levels of IgG-PT in cross-sectional surveys using systematic collections of residual sera from Australian diagnostic laboratories in 1997/8, 2002 and 2007 with reference to both changes in the pertussis vaccine schedule and the epidemic cycle, as measured by disease notifications. A progressive decline in high-level (≥62.5 EU/ml) IgG-PT prevalence from 19% (95% CI 16-22%) in 1997/98 to 12% (95% CI 11-14%) in 2002 and 5% (95% CI 4-6%) in 2007 was consistent with patterns of pertussis notifications in the year prior to each collection. Concomitantly, the overall prevalence of undetectable (<5 EU/ml) levels increased from 17% (95% CI 14-20%) in 1997/98 to 38% (95% CI 36-40%) in 2007 but among children aged 1-4 years, from 25% (95% CI 17-34%) in 1997/98 to 62% (95% CI 56-68%) in 2007. This change followed withdrawal of the 18-month booster dose in 2003 and preceded record pertussis notifications from 2008 onwards.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Population seroprevalence of high levels of IgG-PT is accepted as a reliable indicator of pertussis disease activity over time within and between countries with varying diagnostic practices, especially in unimmunised age groups. Our novel findings suggest that increased prevalence of undetectable IgG-PT is an indicator of waning immunity useful for population level monitoring following introduction of acellular vaccines and/or schedule changes.
format article
author Patricia Campbell
Peter McIntyre
Helen Quinn
Linda Hueston
Gwendolyn L Gilbert
Jodie McVernon
author_facet Patricia Campbell
Peter McIntyre
Helen Quinn
Linda Hueston
Gwendolyn L Gilbert
Jodie McVernon
author_sort Patricia Campbell
title Increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.
title_short Increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.
title_full Increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.
title_fullStr Increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.
title_full_unstemmed Increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in Australia.
title_sort increased population prevalence of low pertussis toxin antibody levels in young children preceding a record pertussis epidemic in australia.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2012
url https://doaj.org/article/5612704bfa624496811a0ed99961195c
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