Stochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence

Abstract For countless applications in science and technology, light must be concentrated, and concentration is classically achieved with reflective and refractive elements. However, there is so far no efficient way, with a 2D detector, to detect photons produced inside an extended volume with a bro...

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Autores principales:	Ibtissame Khaoua, Guillaume Graciani, Andrey Kim, François Amblard
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/568ee716b5624d7389579fb30b5fd241
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:568ee716b5624d7389579fb30b5fd2412021-12-02T14:35:34ZStochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence10.1038/s41598-021-88091-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/568ee716b5624d7389579fb30b5fd2412021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88091-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract For countless applications in science and technology, light must be concentrated, and concentration is classically achieved with reflective and refractive elements. However, there is so far no efficient way, with a 2D detector, to detect photons produced inside an extended volume with a broad or isotropic angular distribution. Here, with theory and experiment, we propose to stochastically transform and concentrate a volume into a smaller surface, using a high-albedo Ulbricht cavity and a small exit orifice through cavity walls. A 3D gas of photons produced inside the cavity is transformed with a 50% number efficiency into a 2D Lambertian emitting orifice with maximal radiance and a much smaller size. With high-albedo quartz-powder cavity walls ( $$\rho =99.94\%$$ ρ = 99.94 % ), the orifice area is $$1/(1-\rho )\approx 1600$$ 1 / ( 1 - ρ ) ≈ 1600 times smaller than the walls’ area. When coupled to a detectivity-optimized photon-counter ( $$\mathcal{D}=0.015\,{\text{photon}}^{-1}\,{\text{s}}^{1/2}\text{ cm}$$ D = 0.015 photon - 1 s 1 / 2 cm ) the detection limit is $$110\;{\text{photon}}\;{\text{s}}^{ - 1} \;{\text{L}}^{ - 1}$$ 110 photon s - 1 L - 1 . Thanks to this unprecedented sensitivity, we could detect the luminescence produced by the non-catalytic disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide in pure water, which has not been observed so far. We could also detect the ultraweak bioluminescence produced by yeast cells at the onset of their growth. Our work opens new perspectives for studying ultraweak luminescence, and the concept of stochastic 3D/2D conjugation should help design novel light detection methods for large samples or diluted emitters.Ibtissame KhaouaGuillaume GracianiAndrey KimFrançois AmblardNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ibtissame Khaoua Guillaume Graciani Andrey Kim François Amblard Stochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence
description	Abstract For countless applications in science and technology, light must be concentrated, and concentration is classically achieved with reflective and refractive elements. However, there is so far no efficient way, with a 2D detector, to detect photons produced inside an extended volume with a broad or isotropic angular distribution. Here, with theory and experiment, we propose to stochastically transform and concentrate a volume into a smaller surface, using a high-albedo Ulbricht cavity and a small exit orifice through cavity walls. A 3D gas of photons produced inside the cavity is transformed with a 50% number efficiency into a 2D Lambertian emitting orifice with maximal radiance and a much smaller size. With high-albedo quartz-powder cavity walls ( $$\rho =99.94\%$$ ρ = 99.94 % ), the orifice area is $$1/(1-\rho )\approx 1600$$ 1 / ( 1 - ρ ) ≈ 1600 times smaller than the walls’ area. When coupled to a detectivity-optimized photon-counter ( $$\mathcal{D}=0.015\,{\text{photon}}^{-1}\,{\text{s}}^{1/2}\text{ cm}$$ D = 0.015 photon - 1 s 1 / 2 cm ) the detection limit is $$110\;{\text{photon}}\;{\text{s}}^{ - 1} \;{\text{L}}^{ - 1}$$ 110 photon s - 1 L - 1 . Thanks to this unprecedented sensitivity, we could detect the luminescence produced by the non-catalytic disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide in pure water, which has not been observed so far. We could also detect the ultraweak bioluminescence produced by yeast cells at the onset of their growth. Our work opens new perspectives for studying ultraweak luminescence, and the concept of stochastic 3D/2D conjugation should help design novel light detection methods for large samples or diluted emitters.
format	article
author	Ibtissame Khaoua Guillaume Graciani Andrey Kim François Amblard
author_facet	Ibtissame Khaoua Guillaume Graciani Andrey Kim François Amblard
author_sort	Ibtissame Khaoua
title	Stochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence
title_short	Stochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence
title_full	Stochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence
title_fullStr	Stochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence
title_full_unstemmed	Stochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence
title_sort	stochastic light concentration from 3d to 2d reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/568ee716b5624d7389579fb30b5fd241
work_keys_str_mv	AT ibtissamekhaoua stochasticlightconcentrationfrom3dto2drevealsultraweakchemiandbioluminescence AT guillaumegraciani stochasticlightconcentrationfrom3dto2drevealsultraweakchemiandbioluminescence AT andreykim stochasticlightconcentrationfrom3dto2drevealsultraweakchemiandbioluminescence AT francoisamblard stochasticlightconcentrationfrom3dto2drevealsultraweakchemiandbioluminescence
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Stochastic light concentration from 3D to 2D reveals ultraweak chemi- and bioluminescence

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