Humic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils

ABSTRACT This study demonstrates the prevalence, phylogenetic diversity, and physiology of nitrate-reducing microorganisms capable of utilizing reduced humic acids (HA) as electron donors in agricultural soils. Most probable number (MPN) enumeration of agricultural soils revealed large populations (...

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Autores principales:	J. Ian Van Trump, Kelly C. Wrighton, J. Cameron Thrash, Karrie A. Weber, Gary L. Andersen, John D. Coates
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2011
Materias:	Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5697e916147e47ef9dd09ffe3bd7f9dc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5697e916147e47ef9dd09ffe3bd7f9dc2021-11-15T15:38:44ZHumic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils10.1128/mBio.00044-112150-7511https://doaj.org/article/5697e916147e47ef9dd09ffe3bd7f9dc2011-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00044-11https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT This study demonstrates the prevalence, phylogenetic diversity, and physiology of nitrate-reducing microorganisms capable of utilizing reduced humic acids (HA) as electron donors in agricultural soils. Most probable number (MPN) enumeration of agricultural soils revealed large populations (104 to 106 cells g−1 soil) of microorganisms capable of reducing nitrate while oxidizing the reduced HA analog 2,6-anthrahydroquinone disulfonate (AH2DS) to its corresponding quinone. Nitrate-dependent HA-oxidizing organisms isolated from agricultural soils were phylogenetically diverse and included members of the Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. Advective up-flow columns inoculated with corn plot soil and amended with reduced HA and nitrate supported both HA oxidation and enhanced nitrate reduction relative to no-donor or oxidized HA controls. The additional electron donating capacity of reduced HA could reasonably be attributed to the oxidation of reduced functional groups. Subsequent 16S rRNA gene-based high-density oligonucleotide microarray (PhyloChip) indicated that reduced HA columns supported the development of a bacterial community enriched with members of the Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Betaproteobacteria relative to the no-donor control and initial inoculum. This study identifies a previously unrecognized role for HA in stimulating denitrification processes in saturated soil systems. Furthermore, this study indicates that reduced humic acids impact soil geochemistry and the indigenous bacterial community composition. IMPORTANCE This study identifies a new metabolic capacity in soil microbial communities that may be responsible for the mediation of significant nitrogen losses from soil systems. Nitrate-dependent humic acid (HA)-oxidizing organisms isolated from agricultural soils were phylogenetically diverse and included members of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. Advective up-flow columns inoculated with corn plot soil and amended with reduced HA and nitrate supported both HA oxidation and enhanced nitrate reduction relative to no-donor or oxidized HA controls. The additional electron donating capacity of reduced HA could reasonably be attributed to the oxidation of reduced functional groups.J. Ian Van TrumpKelly C. WrightonJ. Cameron ThrashKarrie A. WeberGary L. AndersenJohn D. CoatesAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 2, Iss 4 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Microbiology QR1-502 J. Ian Van Trump Kelly C. Wrighton J. Cameron Thrash Karrie A. Weber Gary L. Andersen John D. Coates Humic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils
description	ABSTRACT This study demonstrates the prevalence, phylogenetic diversity, and physiology of nitrate-reducing microorganisms capable of utilizing reduced humic acids (HA) as electron donors in agricultural soils. Most probable number (MPN) enumeration of agricultural soils revealed large populations (104 to 106 cells g−1 soil) of microorganisms capable of reducing nitrate while oxidizing the reduced HA analog 2,6-anthrahydroquinone disulfonate (AH2DS) to its corresponding quinone. Nitrate-dependent HA-oxidizing organisms isolated from agricultural soils were phylogenetically diverse and included members of the Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. Advective up-flow columns inoculated with corn plot soil and amended with reduced HA and nitrate supported both HA oxidation and enhanced nitrate reduction relative to no-donor or oxidized HA controls. The additional electron donating capacity of reduced HA could reasonably be attributed to the oxidation of reduced functional groups. Subsequent 16S rRNA gene-based high-density oligonucleotide microarray (PhyloChip) indicated that reduced HA columns supported the development of a bacterial community enriched with members of the Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Betaproteobacteria relative to the no-donor control and initial inoculum. This study identifies a previously unrecognized role for HA in stimulating denitrification processes in saturated soil systems. Furthermore, this study indicates that reduced humic acids impact soil geochemistry and the indigenous bacterial community composition. IMPORTANCE This study identifies a new metabolic capacity in soil microbial communities that may be responsible for the mediation of significant nitrogen losses from soil systems. Nitrate-dependent humic acid (HA)-oxidizing organisms isolated from agricultural soils were phylogenetically diverse and included members of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. Advective up-flow columns inoculated with corn plot soil and amended with reduced HA and nitrate supported both HA oxidation and enhanced nitrate reduction relative to no-donor or oxidized HA controls. The additional electron donating capacity of reduced HA could reasonably be attributed to the oxidation of reduced functional groups.
format	article
author	J. Ian Van Trump Kelly C. Wrighton J. Cameron Thrash Karrie A. Weber Gary L. Andersen John D. Coates
author_facet	J. Ian Van Trump Kelly C. Wrighton J. Cameron Thrash Karrie A. Weber Gary L. Andersen John D. Coates
author_sort	J. Ian Van Trump
title	Humic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils
title_short	Humic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils
title_full	Humic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils
title_fullStr	Humic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils
title_full_unstemmed	Humic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils
title_sort	humic acid-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing bacteria in agricultural soils
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/5697e916147e47ef9dd09ffe3bd7f9dc
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Humic Acid-Oxidizing, Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria in Agricultural Soils

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