Inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Junpeng Fan,1–4 Ming Shao,1–4 Lu Lai,3–5 Yi Liu,3–5 Zhixiong Xie1–4,6 1College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 2Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation,3State Key Laboratory of Virology, 4Key Laboratory of Analy...

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Autores principales:	Fan J, Shao M, Lai L, Liu Y, Xie Z
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2016
Materias:	CdTe quantum dots Saccharomyces cerevisiae toxicity autophagy Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/56bacef63b104062b74a81e3b0e8d8c2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:56bacef63b104062b74a81e3b0e8d8c22021-12-02T06:30:31ZInhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/56bacef63b104062b74a81e3b0e8d8c22016-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/inhibition-of-autophagy-contributes-to-the-toxicity-of-cadmium-telluri-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Junpeng Fan,1–4 Ming Shao,1–4 Lu Lai,3–5 Yi Liu,3–5 Zhixiong Xie1–4,6 1College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 2Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation,3State Key Laboratory of Virology, 4Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), 5College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 6School of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) are used as near-infrared probes in biologic and medical applications, but their cytological effects and mechanism of potential toxicity are still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of CdTe QDs of different sizes and investigated their mechanism of toxicity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A growth inhibition assay revealed that orange-emitting CdTe (O-CdTe) QDs (half inhibitory concentration [IC50] =59.44±12.02 nmol/L) were more toxic than green-emitting CdTe QDs (IC50 =186.61±19.74 nmol/L) to S. cerevisiae. Further studies on toxicity mechanisms using a transmission electron microscope and green fluorescent protein tagged Atg8 processing assay revealed that O-CdTe QDs could partially inhibit autophagy at a late stage, which differs from the results reported in mammalian cells. Moreover, autophagy inhibited at a late stage by O-CdTe QDs could be partially recovered by enhancing autophagy with rapamycin (an autophagy activator), combined with an increased number of living cells. These results indicate that inhibition of autophagy acts as a toxicity mechanism of CdTe QDs in S. cerevisiae. This work reports a novel toxicity mechanism of CdTe QDs in yeast and provides valuable information on the effect of CdTe QDs on the processes of living cells. Keywords: CdTe quantum dots, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, toxicity, autophagyFan JShao MLai LLiu YXie ZDove Medical PressarticleCdTe quantum dotsSaccharomyces cerevisiaetoxicityautophagyMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2016, Iss default, Pp 3371-3383 (2016)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CdTe quantum dots Saccharomyces cerevisiae toxicity autophagy Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	CdTe quantum dots Saccharomyces cerevisiae toxicity autophagy Medicine (General) R5-920 Fan J Shao M Lai L Liu Y Xie Z Inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
description	Junpeng Fan,1–4 Ming Shao,1–4 Lu Lai,3–5 Yi Liu,3–5 Zhixiong Xie1–4,6 1College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, 2Hubei Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation,3State Key Laboratory of Virology, 4Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (MOE), 5College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 6School of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, People’s Republic of China Abstract: Cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) are used as near-infrared probes in biologic and medical applications, but their cytological effects and mechanism of potential toxicity are still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the toxicity of CdTe QDs of different sizes and investigated their mechanism of toxicity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A growth inhibition assay revealed that orange-emitting CdTe (O-CdTe) QDs (half inhibitory concentration [IC50] =59.44±12.02 nmol/L) were more toxic than green-emitting CdTe QDs (IC50 =186.61±19.74 nmol/L) to S. cerevisiae. Further studies on toxicity mechanisms using a transmission electron microscope and green fluorescent protein tagged Atg8 processing assay revealed that O-CdTe QDs could partially inhibit autophagy at a late stage, which differs from the results reported in mammalian cells. Moreover, autophagy inhibited at a late stage by O-CdTe QDs could be partially recovered by enhancing autophagy with rapamycin (an autophagy activator), combined with an increased number of living cells. These results indicate that inhibition of autophagy acts as a toxicity mechanism of CdTe QDs in S. cerevisiae. This work reports a novel toxicity mechanism of CdTe QDs in yeast and provides valuable information on the effect of CdTe QDs on the processes of living cells. Keywords: CdTe quantum dots, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, toxicity, autophagy
format	article
author	Fan J Shao M Lai L Liu Y Xie Z
author_facet	Fan J Shao M Lai L Liu Y Xie Z
author_sort	Fan J
title	Inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_short	Inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_full	Inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_fullStr	Inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_full_unstemmed	Inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
title_sort	inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in saccharomyces cerevisiae
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2016
url	https://doaj.org/article/56bacef63b104062b74a81e3b0e8d8c2
work_keys_str_mv	AT fanj inhibitionofautophagycontributestothetoxicityofcadmiumtelluridequantumdotsinsaccharomycescerevisiae AT shaom inhibitionofautophagycontributestothetoxicityofcadmiumtelluridequantumdotsinsaccharomycescerevisiae AT lail inhibitionofautophagycontributestothetoxicityofcadmiumtelluridequantumdotsinsaccharomycescerevisiae AT liuy inhibitionofautophagycontributestothetoxicityofcadmiumtelluridequantumdotsinsaccharomycescerevisiae AT xiez inhibitionofautophagycontributestothetoxicityofcadmiumtelluridequantumdotsinsaccharomycescerevisiae
_version_	1718399870309498880

Inhibition of autophagy contributes to the toxicity of cadmium telluride quantum dots in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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