A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture

The use of precision agriculture is becoming more and more necessary to provide food for the world’s growing population, as well as to reduce environmental impact and enhance the usage of limited natural resources. One of the main drawbacks that hinder the use of precision agriculture is the cost of...

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Autores principales:	Jaime Lloret, Sandra Sendra, Laura Garcia, Jose M. Jimenez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	electromagnetic induction soil moisture precision agriculture low cost water management Internet of Things (IoT) Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/56c5e46baabe42f7b2392c012ff9c831
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:56c5e46baabe42f7b2392c012ff9c8312021-11-11T19:12:44ZA Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture10.3390/s212172431424-8220https://doaj.org/article/56c5e46baabe42f7b2392c012ff9c8312021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7243https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8220The use of precision agriculture is becoming more and more necessary to provide food for the world’s growing population, as well as to reduce environmental impact and enhance the usage of limited natural resources. One of the main drawbacks that hinder the use of precision agriculture is the cost of technological immersion in the sector. For farmers, it is necessary to provide low-cost and robust systems as well as reliability. Toward this end, this paper presents a wireless sensor network of low-cost sensor nodes for soil moisture that can help farmers optimize the irrigation processes in precision agriculture. Each wireless node is composed of four soil moisture sensors that are able to measure the moisture at different depths. Each sensor is composed of two coils wound onto a plastic pipe. The sensor operation is based on mutual induction between coils that allow monitoring the percentage of water content in the soil. Several prototypes with different features have been tested. The prototype that has offered better results has a winding ratio of 1:2 with 15 and 30 spires working at 93 kHz. We also have developed a specific communication protocol to improve the performance of the whole system. Finally, the wireless network was tested, in a real, cultivated plot of citrus trees, in terms of coverage and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to check losses due to vegetation.Jaime LloretSandra SendraLaura GarciaJose M. JimenezMDPI AGarticleelectromagnetic inductionsoil moistureprecision agriculturelow costwater managementInternet of Things (IoT)Chemical technologyTP1-1185ENSensors, Vol 21, Iss 7243, p 7243 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	electromagnetic induction soil moisture precision agriculture low cost water management Internet of Things (IoT) Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	electromagnetic induction soil moisture precision agriculture low cost water management Internet of Things (IoT) Chemical technology TP1-1185 Jaime Lloret Sandra Sendra Laura Garcia Jose M. Jimenez A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture
description	The use of precision agriculture is becoming more and more necessary to provide food for the world’s growing population, as well as to reduce environmental impact and enhance the usage of limited natural resources. One of the main drawbacks that hinder the use of precision agriculture is the cost of technological immersion in the sector. For farmers, it is necessary to provide low-cost and robust systems as well as reliability. Toward this end, this paper presents a wireless sensor network of low-cost sensor nodes for soil moisture that can help farmers optimize the irrigation processes in precision agriculture. Each wireless node is composed of four soil moisture sensors that are able to measure the moisture at different depths. Each sensor is composed of two coils wound onto a plastic pipe. The sensor operation is based on mutual induction between coils that allow monitoring the percentage of water content in the soil. Several prototypes with different features have been tested. The prototype that has offered better results has a winding ratio of 1:2 with 15 and 30 spires working at 93 kHz. We also have developed a specific communication protocol to improve the performance of the whole system. Finally, the wireless network was tested, in a real, cultivated plot of citrus trees, in terms of coverage and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) to check losses due to vegetation.
format	article
author	Jaime Lloret Sandra Sendra Laura Garcia Jose M. Jimenez
author_facet	Jaime Lloret Sandra Sendra Laura Garcia Jose M. Jimenez
author_sort	Jaime Lloret
title	A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture
title_short	A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture
title_full	A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture
title_fullStr	A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture
title_full_unstemmed	A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture
title_sort	wireless sensor network deployment for soil moisture monitoring in precision agriculture
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/56c5e46baabe42f7b2392c012ff9c831
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A Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Soil Moisture Monitoring in Precision Agriculture

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