Multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene

Abstract The ability to generate, amplify, mix and modulate sound in one simple electronic device would open up a new world in acoustics. Here we show how to build such a device. It generates sound thermoacoustically by Joule heating in graphene. A rich sonic palette is created by controlling the co...

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Autores principales:	M. S. Heath, D. W. Horsell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/56ca8b64131d40b8bed10b7efdc8408e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:56ca8b64131d40b8bed10b7efdc8408e2021-12-02T16:06:23ZMulti-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene10.1038/s41598-017-01467-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/56ca8b64131d40b8bed10b7efdc8408e2017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01467-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The ability to generate, amplify, mix and modulate sound in one simple electronic device would open up a new world in acoustics. Here we show how to build such a device. It generates sound thermoacoustically by Joule heating in graphene. A rich sonic palette is created by controlling the composition and flow of the electric current through the graphene. This includes frequency mixing (heterodyning), which results exclusively from the Joule mechanism. It also includes shaping of the sound spectrum by a dc current and modulating its amplitude with a transistor gate. We show that particular sounds are indicators of nonlinearity and can be used to quantify nonlinear contributions to the conduction. From our work, we expect to see novel uses of acoustics in metrology, sensing and signal processing. Together with the optical qualities of graphene, its acoustic capabilities should inspire the development of the first combined audio-visual nanotechnologies.M. S. HeathD. W. HorsellNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q M. S. Heath D. W. Horsell Multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene
description	Abstract The ability to generate, amplify, mix and modulate sound in one simple electronic device would open up a new world in acoustics. Here we show how to build such a device. It generates sound thermoacoustically by Joule heating in graphene. A rich sonic palette is created by controlling the composition and flow of the electric current through the graphene. This includes frequency mixing (heterodyning), which results exclusively from the Joule mechanism. It also includes shaping of the sound spectrum by a dc current and modulating its amplitude with a transistor gate. We show that particular sounds are indicators of nonlinearity and can be used to quantify nonlinear contributions to the conduction. From our work, we expect to see novel uses of acoustics in metrology, sensing and signal processing. Together with the optical qualities of graphene, its acoustic capabilities should inspire the development of the first combined audio-visual nanotechnologies.
format	article
author	M. S. Heath D. W. Horsell
author_facet	M. S. Heath D. W. Horsell
author_sort	M. S. Heath
title	Multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene
title_short	Multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene
title_full	Multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene
title_fullStr	Multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene
title_full_unstemmed	Multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene
title_sort	multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/56ca8b64131d40b8bed10b7efdc8408e
work_keys_str_mv	AT msheath multifrequencysoundproductionandmixingingraphene AT dwhorsell multifrequencysoundproductionandmixingingraphene
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Multi-frequency sound production and mixing in graphene

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