Entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making

Abstract Collective decision making is important for maximizing total benefits while preserving equality among individuals in the competitive multi-armed bandit (CMAB) problem, wherein multiple players try to gain higher rewards from multiple slot machines. The CMAB problem represents an essential a...

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Autores principales:	Shion Maeda, Nicolas Chauvet, Hayato Saigo, Hirokazu Hori, Guillaume Bachelier, Serge Huant, Makoto Naruse
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/56e775b324fa4be798130189b8872608
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:56e775b324fa4be798130189b88726082021-12-02T15:53:02ZEntangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making10.1038/s41598-021-84199-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/56e775b324fa4be798130189b88726082021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84199-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Collective decision making is important for maximizing total benefits while preserving equality among individuals in the competitive multi-armed bandit (CMAB) problem, wherein multiple players try to gain higher rewards from multiple slot machines. The CMAB problem represents an essential aspect of applications such as resource management in social infrastructure. In a previous study, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that entangled photons can physically resolve the difficulty of the CMAB problem. This decision-making strategy completely avoids decision conflicts while ensuring equality. However, decision conflicts can sometimes be beneficial if they yield greater rewards than non-conflicting decisions, indicating that greedy actions may provide positive effects depending on the given environment. In this study, we demonstrate a mixed strategy of entangled- and correlated-photon-based decision-making so that total rewards can be enhanced when compared to the entangled-photon-only decision strategy. We show that an optimal mixture of entangled- and correlated-photon-based strategies exists depending on the dynamics of the reward environment as well as the difficulty of the given problem. This study paves the way for utilizing both quantum and classical aspects of photons in a mixed manner for decision making and provides yet another example of the supremacy of mixed strategies known in game theory, especially in evolutionary game theory.Shion MaedaNicolas ChauvetHayato SaigoHirokazu HoriGuillaume BachelierSerge HuantMakoto NaruseNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Shion Maeda Nicolas Chauvet Hayato Saigo Hirokazu Hori Guillaume Bachelier Serge Huant Makoto Naruse Entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making
description	Abstract Collective decision making is important for maximizing total benefits while preserving equality among individuals in the competitive multi-armed bandit (CMAB) problem, wherein multiple players try to gain higher rewards from multiple slot machines. The CMAB problem represents an essential aspect of applications such as resource management in social infrastructure. In a previous study, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrated that entangled photons can physically resolve the difficulty of the CMAB problem. This decision-making strategy completely avoids decision conflicts while ensuring equality. However, decision conflicts can sometimes be beneficial if they yield greater rewards than non-conflicting decisions, indicating that greedy actions may provide positive effects depending on the given environment. In this study, we demonstrate a mixed strategy of entangled- and correlated-photon-based decision-making so that total rewards can be enhanced when compared to the entangled-photon-only decision strategy. We show that an optimal mixture of entangled- and correlated-photon-based strategies exists depending on the dynamics of the reward environment as well as the difficulty of the given problem. This study paves the way for utilizing both quantum and classical aspects of photons in a mixed manner for decision making and provides yet another example of the supremacy of mixed strategies known in game theory, especially in evolutionary game theory.
format	article
author	Shion Maeda Nicolas Chauvet Hayato Saigo Hirokazu Hori Guillaume Bachelier Serge Huant Makoto Naruse
author_facet	Shion Maeda Nicolas Chauvet Hayato Saigo Hirokazu Hori Guillaume Bachelier Serge Huant Makoto Naruse
author_sort	Shion Maeda
title	Entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making
title_short	Entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making
title_full	Entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making
title_fullStr	Entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making
title_full_unstemmed	Entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making
title_sort	entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/56e775b324fa4be798130189b8872608
work_keys_str_mv	AT shionmaeda entangledandcorrelatedphotonmixedstrategyforsocialdecisionmaking AT nicolaschauvet entangledandcorrelatedphotonmixedstrategyforsocialdecisionmaking AT hayatosaigo entangledandcorrelatedphotonmixedstrategyforsocialdecisionmaking AT hirokazuhori entangledandcorrelatedphotonmixedstrategyforsocialdecisionmaking AT guillaumebachelier entangledandcorrelatedphotonmixedstrategyforsocialdecisionmaking AT sergehuant entangledandcorrelatedphotonmixedstrategyforsocialdecisionmaking AT makotonaruse entangledandcorrelatedphotonmixedstrategyforsocialdecisionmaking
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Entangled and correlated photon mixed strategy for social decision making

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