Cochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies

Abstract Insights into potential differences among the bony labyrinths of Plio-Pleistocene hominins may inform their evolutionary histories and sensory ecologies. We use four recently-discovered bony labyrinths from the site of Kromdraai to significantly expand the sample for Paranthropus robustus....

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Autores principales:	J. Braga, C. Samir, A. Fradi, Y. Feunteun, K. Jakata, V. A. Zimmer, B. Zipfel, J. F. Thackeray, M. Macé, B. A. Wood, F. E. Grine
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/570e5d3e71934163a60fe545487b2cc4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:570e5d3e71934163a60fe545487b2cc42021-12-02T15:09:23ZCochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies10.1038/s41598-021-96543-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/570e5d3e71934163a60fe545487b2cc42021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96543-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Insights into potential differences among the bony labyrinths of Plio-Pleistocene hominins may inform their evolutionary histories and sensory ecologies. We use four recently-discovered bony labyrinths from the site of Kromdraai to significantly expand the sample for Paranthropus robustus. Diffeomorphometry, which provides detailed information about cochlear shape, reveals size-independent differences in cochlear shape between P. robustus and Australopithecus africanus that exceed those among modern humans and the African apes. The cochlea of P. robustus is distinctive and relatively invariant, whereas cochlear shape in A. africanus is more variable, resembles that of early Homo, and shows a degree of morphological polymorphism comparable to that evinced by modern species. The curvature of the P. robustus cochlea is uniquely derived and is consistent with enhanced sensitivity to low-frequency sounds. Combined with evidence for selection, our findings suggest that sound perception shaped distinct ecological adaptations among southern African early hominins.J. BragaC. SamirA. FradiY. FeunteunK. JakataV. A. ZimmerB. ZipfelJ. F. ThackerayM. MacéB. A. WoodF. E. GrineNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q J. Braga C. Samir A. Fradi Y. Feunteun K. Jakata V. A. Zimmer B. Zipfel J. F. Thackeray M. Macé B. A. Wood F. E. Grine Cochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies
description	Abstract Insights into potential differences among the bony labyrinths of Plio-Pleistocene hominins may inform their evolutionary histories and sensory ecologies. We use four recently-discovered bony labyrinths from the site of Kromdraai to significantly expand the sample for Paranthropus robustus. Diffeomorphometry, which provides detailed information about cochlear shape, reveals size-independent differences in cochlear shape between P. robustus and Australopithecus africanus that exceed those among modern humans and the African apes. The cochlea of P. robustus is distinctive and relatively invariant, whereas cochlear shape in A. africanus is more variable, resembles that of early Homo, and shows a degree of morphological polymorphism comparable to that evinced by modern species. The curvature of the P. robustus cochlea is uniquely derived and is consistent with enhanced sensitivity to low-frequency sounds. Combined with evidence for selection, our findings suggest that sound perception shaped distinct ecological adaptations among southern African early hominins.
format	article
author	J. Braga C. Samir A. Fradi Y. Feunteun K. Jakata V. A. Zimmer B. Zipfel J. F. Thackeray M. Macé B. A. Wood F. E. Grine
author_facet	J. Braga C. Samir A. Fradi Y. Feunteun K. Jakata V. A. Zimmer B. Zipfel J. F. Thackeray M. Macé B. A. Wood F. E. Grine
author_sort	J. Braga
title	Cochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies
title_short	Cochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies
title_full	Cochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies
title_fullStr	Cochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies
title_full_unstemmed	Cochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies
title_sort	cochlear shape distinguishes southern african early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/570e5d3e71934163a60fe545487b2cc4
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Cochlear shape distinguishes southern African early hominin taxa with unique auditory ecologies

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